Examine the role of women in Romeo and Juliet Essay

Shakespeare wrote the play Romeo and Juliet in the 16th century, a time in which the role of women was not to be a person in their own rights, but to be a wife to their husband and a mother to their children. Women had a specific place in society, and they were expected to conform to expectations of their positions. Women were owned by their husbands, and had little to no freedom from their spouses or parents. In the play, Shakespeare depicts this situation through the character Juliet and her relationships and role in society, a young girl growing into the expectations of women at that time. The theme of this essay is to examine the role of women in 16th century society i. e. Juliet, and contrast it to the role of women today. Juliet’s relationship with her parents is very different to what would be expected today. In the 16th century it was common for wealthy parents to employ a nurse to bring up their children, to be what a mother figure is like today. Juliet’s relationship is typical of the period in which the play was set: her affluent parents employed the Nurse (who had given birth at the same time as Lady Capulet) to care for their daughter when she was born, and â€Å"wean† her. A woman who had lost her own baby was an ideal source of milk for an upper-class infant whose mother preferred not to be troubled with doing her own nursing. This meant that Juliet had a stronger bond with her Nurse than with her biological mother, a customary situation in the Elizabethan era. However, this did not mean that the Nurse would have had any more say in Juliet’s upbringing than Capulet and Lady Capulet. Parents have a duty to make certain decisions for their children, as they did in the 16th century, however at that time a girl or women would barely ever make her own decisions, these would be made by her parents. In the play, Shakespeare places the character Juliet into a situation typical of the era: arranged marriage. At that time parents always chose a suitor for their daughter, regardless of her age or class. At this part in the play, Juliet’s mother enquires on her daughter’s â€Å"disposition to be married†. Here, Juliet behaves very uncharacteristically of the Elizabethan era, saying â€Å"It is an honour that I dream not of†, avoiding the proposal and demonstrating independent thinking. Lady Capulet has already made the decision for her daughter, and expects her to react dutifully as a daughter at that time would. Juliet says â€Å".. no more deep will I endart mine eye Than your consent to make it fly. † Now she appears to be a model daughter, however she still acts uncharacteristically because she has not given her mother a straight answer, again avoiding the subject. Arranged marriage still occurs today, but it is not as common as it was in the Elizabethan era, so although girls are still put into this position they are still expected to conform to tradition and obey their parents’ decision. Here Juliet seems to feel free to withhold her consent, which is definitely not customary of the 16th century. In the Elizabethan era, men had more power, opportunities and influence on society than women did. Women did not have equal rights and were seen as possessions not people. Just as a girl’s parents controlled her decisions and life, once the girl became and woman and was married, her husband controlled her. Husbands had expectations of their wife as much as parents had of their daughter; women were expected to behave accordingly, obeying their husbands. Their role as a wife would be to comply with their husband’s decisions and bear him a family. At this time, women knew no other way of life, and so generally women complied with the traditions, unlike today in which women are seen as equal citizens in society. In the play, Juliet was expected to marry Paris and become his possession, with no love involved. Juliet would have reacted normally to this idea, as many young women dreamed of the idea of love, and when proposed to, would create their own form of love for their husbands, usually respect. Many marriages were arranged by parents and were based on suitability, not love. Nowadays marriage is based on love alone, and parents have less influence over choosing a husband for their daughter. Lady Capulet’s role as a woman in the play is exactly what an upper class mother of that time would have been like. Lady Capulet was forced into marriage when still only young â€Å"And too soon marred are those so early made. † After giving birth to Juliet at a very young age, she chose to employ someone else to nurse her child, which was also usual of a woman of that status. In the Elizabethan era it was commonplace to have a Nurse bring up the child, as a mother would today. The character of the nurse would have been a recognizable type to Shakespeare’s audience. A woman who had lost her own baby was an ideal source of milk for an upper-class infant whose mother preferred not to be troubled with doing her own nursing. Babies were weaned by having a foul-tasting salve smeared on the nipple â€Å"laid wormwood to my dug†. The bodily intimacy between Juliet and the nurse creates a close motherly bond between them. The character of Juliet was not a typical 16th century girl, as although she was faced with the same situations as a girl of that time, she reacted differently and did not conform to the traditions and expectations made of her. Shakespeare chose not to make the character Juliet conform because his play was a dramatic tragedy, written to entertain audiences. Juliet would interest an Elizabethan audience to watch as she was uncharacteristic of that time, and she reacted differently to what was expected. Shakespeare chose to develop the female characters’ roles in the way he did so that the audience could relate and recognise these characters, making the play more interesting for them to watch. Bibliography   http://www. beyondbooks. com/sha91/5c. asp   http://www. wsu. edu:8080/~brians/love-in-the-arts/romeo. html   http://www. englishbiz. co. uk/mainguides/shakespeare. html   http://web. uvic. ca/shakespeare/Library/SLT/intro/introsubj. html.

Agreed ways of working Essay

The agreed ways of working are set of codes by the employer for the social care worker to conduct and inform service users and the public about the standards of conduct they can expect and includes legislation, practice standards and employers’ policies and procedures that should be met. It is the responsibility of social care workers to work within the policy guidelines and following the laid –down procedures and ensuring that their conduct does not follow below the standards set out and that no action or omission on their part harms the wellbeing of service users. The importance of having full and up-to-date details of the agreed ways working. It is the requirement of the organisation to adhere to relevant legislation and to form their policies and procedures in respect of new legislation changes .e.g. Equality act 2010 is a fairly new act so necessary that it must be reflected in the organisation’s policies and procedures. To ensure the safety and well being of service users, staff and the public.To ensure staff are clear on their duties, roles and responsibilities and can carry out their job in the right way. The needs of service users change, staff members change, staff skills and abilities change so support plans, guidelines and risk assessments must reflect this, to help providing a service that the individual needs, as set out in their care plan are met. To ensure continuity of care and to prevent misunderstanding and confusion. It’s important that all information is relevant and up to date.

The roads of major cities are congested to a great extent

Many people say that bikes are the future â€Å"environment friendly† transport. The roads of major cities are overcrowded and no one seems to do anything about it. Cars, Lorries, vans and busses are vehicles that take up a lot of space and create mayhem. Most people who take vehicles as an option to work or school are late. There is traffic everywhere nowadays. Bikes, motorbikes and possibly trains are the future transports. Children and teenagers up to the age of eighteen cannot ride a motorbike. Trains don't take you specifically where you want. And the only option left are bikes. There are many advantages and disadvantages of bikes. The most important advantage of bike is that it is safe for the environment. It also means that the air around will be cleaner. If most countries start to use bikes, gradually there will be a lot less pollution. One of the countries that have already started to use bikes as a transport is China. Most of the population in china use bikes. Cycling also means that a person can become fit and everyone could become healthier. It would also mean that the roads will be free and everyone could reach to their destination on time. If bikes are considered as an answer to a major sport, than what if people have to go on a long distance journey-possibly to another city far away. This would take a long time to reach the destination and the person would have to take rests in between. It would also be tiring for a person who has to go on long distance cycling. Another factor to be considered is it would be dangerous for children under ten to ride bikes on roads and what if the mother had to take a baby to a place (babies can't ride bikes!) Some adults that are unhealthy don't like to ride bikes, and some have cardiovascular or other diseases or problems that prevent them from riding bikes. Most aged people would not be able to ride bikes and it wouldn't be safe for them to ride bikes. There are lots of statements that agree and disagree to bikes being the transport for roads in major cities. In my opinion, there should be a lot less vehicles in the future. This would mean vehicles for only long journeys. People whose destinations are closer could take a bike or walk.

Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Article Review - Essay Example Particularly, having found a weakness in the Korean Tourism Organization, KTO website in attracting tourists to its destinations (Jeong et al. 25), it would be critical for the organization to incorporate communications on benefits in the message on its website so as to be effective. But the implications of this study would be far reaching. With the results indicating that travel websites greatly influence majority of overall and cognitive destination image Jeong et al. (21), more DMOs and government tourism agencies would resort to the use of Internet in marketing their tourist destinations. Even in doing so, the content of the websites would be designed to increase effectiveness by adopting measures such as communication of benefits and more convincing information. The findings of this study suggest that DMOs would have to continuously evaluate the content of their travel websites so as to post vivid information that would strongly influence the decision of potential tourists. According to Jeong et al. (25), various African countries have developed their brand images through such processes. It would be critical for DMOs to be sensitive to the dimensions of brand personality when developing their websites as this gives them a competitive edge against their rivals. Visual and audio effects have to be encompassed appropriately to achieve the objectives of such websites. Finally, it would be of much significance to communicate the benefits that a destination would offer as this would attract even tourists who already have information on the destination. I support the findings of this research study. It is the nature of human psychology to make consumption decisions based on the perceived image. The perception of the image greatly depends on the ability of the seller to create a convincing image. In a similar manner, the ability of DMOs to create an effective destination image

Quantitative Research Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Quantitative Research - Article Example sures that the researcher is neutral and not biased to the positive or even the negative side but stands neutral in order to solve the problem at hand. The literature review should be relevant to the problem being looked into and well understood to the researcher. The researcher must be in a position to understand what is really required of him so as to solve the problem at hand. The review might as well as include some other investigations that have been carried out on the problem or a problem related to the one in question. After having understood the problem the researcher should be able to identify the variables that affect or interfere with the research. If the variables have an effect on the outcome, then he or she ought to have to ways to neutralize or reduce the effect of the variables to achieve the desired results. The variables may either be dependent or independent variable, where the independent variable is the effect variable set by the investigator and it may also be considered to as the factor while the dependent variable is the observed or effect variable that is not set by the investigator. The tentative prediction or explanation of relationship between two or more variables to the problem at hand must also be looked into. It helps the investigator to translate the statement of the problem into a precise and ambiguous prediction of the outcome. Some research ideas may not have a definable hypothesis especially when they are descriptive. Hypothesis statements are most applicable in intervention and evaluation studies where comparisons are done on correlation for relationships. The objective in the research on English language learners is to help them achieve a better academic performance so that they may be in a get together with their peers in terms of class performance. Questions on how to achieve the objective should be formulated and suitable answers to obtained. In the English language learners case the major question should be how to

Animal Law Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Animal Law Research - Essay Example Legislative provisions in other countries of the world are below par when compared to Australia, however the question of rights for animals must also encompass a wider frame of reference rather than the alleviation of suffering. Therefore, from the perspective of animals used in scientific research, the question that is proposed to be examined is â€Å"Should animal rights be legally recognized and should the legislative provisions be modified to include this aspect?† Animals are routinely used as guinea pigs in experiments involving research on new drugs or behavioral research that may also cause pain and used as subjects in toxicity tests to assess the safety of consumer products.5 In this connection for example, the Draize Test6, which is legal in NSW, is one where rabbits with their inefficient tear ducts are tested for cosmetic eye products by placing them in stocks and immobilising them, while the substance to be tested is dropped into one eye.7 Drug testing carried on in animals is intended to examine the safety of these drugs prior to their use in humans, since human life is perceived as more precious as compared to an animal. Since animals undoubtedly suffer pain and discomfort during these experiments, are their rights being adversely affected? Gendin questions the value of scientific research on the basis that different species may react differently for different doses, likewise since animals cannot describe their experiences, nor can the provide information on symptoms such as giddiness or nausea. He also suggests various alternatives to using animals for research purposes, such as using lesser organisms like bacteria or fungi, the use of mathematical and/or computer modeling and more studies performed on humans under carefully regulated conditions. Gallistel on the other hand has advocated the unrestricted use

Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Review - Essay Example Moreover, the limited funding usually available to managers of non-profits make them focus on only high-priority tasks, sacrificing quality of management. Hence, there is an inherent trade-off between management efficiency and leadership quality. Most non-profits seem to have one or the other; but the most successful few are those that display both these characteristics. Most leaders of non-profits surveyed for the article do indeed recognize this trade-off and admit to short-comings in their management standards. In their willingness to improve the same, these leaders were open to learning new techniques and principles and adopting them to their organizations. Some of them have already implemented some of principles and tasted success. The first of such measures is Getting Strategic Clarity. Achieving strategic clarity â€Å"means answering, in very concrete terms, two questions that are core to a nonprofit’s mission: What impact are we prepared to be held accountable for? A nd â€Å"What do we need to do - and not do - in order to achieve this impact?† (Stid & Bradach, 2009, p.37) By answering this set of questions, leaders are in a better position to align their resources and processes around core objectives.

Improvements to the Law as Introduced by the Defamation Act 2013 Essay

Improvements to the Law as Introduced by the Defamation Act 2013 - Essay Example In line with this, the new Act aims to protect not only the right of each person to express themselves verbally or in writing but also the need to protect the reputation of each person. To serve this purpose, Defamation Act 2013 was enacted on the 25th of April 20132. On top of setting grounds on freedom to express one’s own thoughts and ideas and the need to protect the reputation of another person or a business entity, the said Act also applies to the need to control libel tourism. As such, the Act extends legal protection to website operators by entitling them for a defence in case the website operator is not the one who posted personal comments or statements that could seriously offend other people5. In line with this, the Act requires all individuals and business organizations to submit significant evidences that can prove their claim on defamation. Under section 5(3)(a) of Defamation Act 2013, it was clearly stated that website operators are given the equal opportunity t o prove themselves that they are not the one who posted harmful statements online. Thus, the Act guarantees protection to all website operators provided that they can identify the right person who posted harmful statements. Furthermore, any forms of moderation made by the website operators with regards to the hurtful comments made by other people in their website(s) can validate their defence. 7. Philosophical lens can be used to investigate how the society would view the concept of freedom of expression within the modern society and perhaps how the Defamation Act 2013 would fit or can be altered to fit in the concept of freedom of expression8. In line with this, reasons why Defamation Act 2013 has failed to provide any significant improvements to the existing law will be tacked in details. 2. Justification on Claims 2.1 Control on Libel Tourism In 1936, Lord Atkin defined libel as a defamatory statement that can somehow cause injury to another person’s reputation. Good examp les of libel include publicly commenting on other people due to hatred or purposely disrespecting or ridiculing another person which aims to destroy his own self-esteem9. In line with this, libel tourism occurs when the claimants for libel case is not residing in the same country where the defendant is currently residing (i.e. online libel cases, etc.)10. A good example of libel tourism is the case of Prince Alwaleed bin Talal v Forbes magazine whereby a journalist was legally sued for underestimating the Prince’s fortune by $9.6 billion11. Defamation Act 2013 aims to prevent forum-shopping in such a way that claimants cannot just file a defamation case in London if they have no links to UK. By setting a clear ground or guidelines on libel tourism, it is possible to limit or reduce the number of unimportant claims on defamation. With this in mind, the enactment of Defamation Act 2013 could somehow contribute to the decrease in the number of legal charges on defamation12. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU)13. Despite the changes in UK’s latest Defamation Act, question arises as to whether or not the Defamation Act 2013 can make significant change in the defamation law in UK. First of all, there is no change in EU Law or law affecting European nationals. Since UK is a member of the European Union, it means that all existing EU laws could somehow affect the defamation law in UK. For instance, the Rome I Regulation is a contractual obligation that administers the choice of law among the members of the European Union14. Since UK is a member of the European Union, this country is not legally exempted wherein the defendant can have the option for a choice of law. Likewise,

Black world study- Intellectual Autobiography Essay

Black world study- Intellectual Autobiography - Essay Example When we find new meanings in old things, it means that our intelligence has developed. Our intellectual development is being changed by many different factors including people, circumstances, observations etc. Some of them have more influence on us than others; still I believe that many things around change at least some small part of us in every moment of our lives. Because it is actually perception and knowledge what constantly make us more intellectually developed. The person that shaped my intellectual development probably more than anyone else in my life was my mother. She is never pitiful to me and after I do something that hurts me, first of all, she asks me what conclusions have I already made about the situation. This makes me hold on complaining for a minute and realize what mistakes I will never do anymore. Thus my mother has developed a strong capability of critical consideration of every incoming situation and information that happens to me. Using this ability helps me to learn faster and do not get stuck on the same things having troubles proceeding them. I believe that, because of my mother, now I can work with my personal development using critical thinking and analytical skills, so I learn easily. When my friend advised me to read â€Å"The Shack† by William P. Young I was really skeptical about the book because it seemed to me that Christian books like this are aimed to reach out to me and teach me a decent living. But the friend assured me that the book was a â€Å"life-changer† and I needed to read it whatsoever. He was right about the book. Before I read it I hadn’t realized that books actually can trigger so much emotions, feelings, and realization about the life. The text changed me as a person and definitely raised my intelligence. The point is that the book doesn’t only show you a completely another way of looking at God and what is bad and what is good in this life but also extends your

The Birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorn Essay Example for Free

The Birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorn Essay Essay Thesis: This essay is generally about how the author of the short story, Hawthorne, wants to show the world that perfection is not beauty and that science should not alter the way that nature set man on this world to be. He was a major asset to the transcendental movement, and this short story is a perfect example why. In Nathaniel HawthornesThe Birthmark, the main character, Aylmer, wants to have a perfect wife. His wife, Georgiana, is a very beautiful woman with just one flaw, the Birthmark on her face. As a scientist, Aylmer tries to create an elixir that will rid Georgiana of her birthmark, thus making her perfect. According to Hawthorne, however, this is not possible. During the transcendental phase of American life, which included literature from Hawthorne, transcendental writers would promote Nature and its importance. In The Birthmark, Nathaniel Hawthorne tries to show the people that nature does not make anything flawless, and that this is the beauty of it. Nature, in one shape or another, stamps ineffaceably on all her productions. (Hawthorne) Nathaniel Hawthorne tries to pass a message to the world that science should not interfere with natures way of having people live. Hawthorne portrays Aylmer as being stupid for trying to create formulas that would extend life. Aylmer appeared to believe that, by the plainest scientific logic, it was altogether within the limits of possibility to discover this long-sought medium. (Hawthorne) Unlike Aylmer, Georgiana is signified as an image of both physical and intellectual beauty. Hawthorne shows physical beauty in her by showing her beautiful attributes, while adding that flaws can make somebody even more perfect, as this shows natures effect on this person. Hawthorne also shows a great amount of faith and transcendentalism in Georgiana. He does this by showing Georgiana to love the mistakes and flaws of her husband, as she looks through all of the failures in Aylmers scientific books. It seems as though Hawthorne almost wants to make Georgiana the protagonist, as he wants readers to take attributes from her and let her set good examples, while Aylmer is the bad one. Hawthorne does this well by showing in the end that man who wants perfection will kill nature once he brings science to try to  alter it. Aylmers pursuit to happiness leads nature and her beauty to die. Aylmer, the selfish enemy, knows the risks of having Georgiana drink the elixir, yet, nonetheless, he has her drink it because he finds flawlessness to be more important. The beautiful Georgiana is further portrayed as the perfect being of nature, adding on to her flaws, because she is dominated by the love for her husband, and even risks giving up her own life (and loses it) just to make him happy. Aminadab, Aylmers servant, is another example of a good being that Hawthorne puts into the short story. According to Hawthorne, Aminadab is earthly, and represents man who understands physical and mental nature. Throughout the story, Aminadab says just one thing; If she were my wife, Id never part with that birthmark. (Hawthorne) This shows that he would rather behold the beauty of natures work, than attempt to modify it in any way, unlike the evil Aylmer. Aylmer is blind and will stay this way for the rest of his life. He will never realize that nature places imperfections for a purpose, and as long as he lives, he will continue to try to improve nature and prolong the life it has given its people. He will completely miss the fact that the reason Georgiana died was not because he had the wrong formula, but it is because nature can not have anything that is faultless.

The Five Stages Of Grief Cycle Social Work Essay

The Five Stages Of Grief Cycle Social Work Essay This paper reviews on how the death of child could affect the parents psychological well-beings as well as other factors that could influence their daily lifestyles. It is said that some parents might go through a five-stages of grief cycle during their bereavement period. The five stages of grief cycle include the denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. There are a few short term and long term effects of death of child on child being discussed in this paper. Besides, intervention programmes and their effectiveness were also being mentioned in this paper. Keywords: death, bereavement, parents Every parents love their children. Parents would do anything for the sake of their children. However, sometimes, unexpected loss of children could bring a great effect on parents. For example, the death of children. Some parents might go through the grief period for a few years. Death in human is defined as the permanent loss of a persons life (DeGrazia, 2011). Death is also what people mean by pass away. Death of a child is like losing a part of the parents lives. When the parents lose their child, it does not only mean losing a child, but also losing their identity as parents. Every parent would deal with their bereavement period differently. Bereavement is the word being used to describe the condition of grief when a loved one passed away (Christiane, 2005). Some parents would be well prepared to accept the truth while some might just stay in the stage of denial. According to United States Child Mortality (2007), out of 100000 children in United States, 53287 of the children died in years 2007. A few common causes of death on children are by accidents, cancer, and some developmental disorders that are presented during their birth (Medline Plus, 2007). All these causes are considered as unexpected causes of death. None of the parents would expect their children to pass away at their young age. It is very common for parents to have mental distress when they have experienced the loss of their loved ones such as their children. It could be a tough period of time for the parents to accept the fact that their children have passed away. Some of them would even stay in stage of denial for a long period of time. The process of grief includes five stages which is also known as the grief cycle. Grief cycle model was introduced by Kubler-Ross in year 1969. This model explains how the individuals go through the process of accepting the fact of death and bereavement as well as how they cope with them. The first stage in the grief cycle is named as denial. Denial is the condition when a person either consciously or unconsciously refuses to acknowledge the facts or the reality (Kubler-Ross, 1969). Denial is a natural defense mechanism that exists in every individual. An individual could stay at this stage when he or she experiences some traumatic changes that they can ignore. In death, a person might choose to avoid the fact that someone has passed away or going to pass away. The second stage of grief would be anger. The individuals might get angry once they are informed that someones life is going to end (Kubler-Ross, 1969). They might have the thought that why such an incident would happen on themselves or to the person they love. The individuals could express their anger in different ways. Some individuals might get angry at themselves while some may express their anger on others. They might project their anger on others by blaming others faults on the unlucky incidents. The third stage of grief is known as bargaining. This is the stage when the individuals bargain with God and hope that they could get a negotiation to have a longer life span (Kubler-Ross, 1969). When the individuals know the fact that they have limited time to live, they would start to pray or hope that they could have more time to fulfill their dreams or to work on their unfinished business. For example, if the individuals are told that they only have three months left to live, they might negotiate with God by asking for another three months to live so that they could have more time to find the solutions for their problems as well as to spend more time with their friends and family. The next stage of grief is the state of having depression. It is the stage which the individuals are prepared to have the feeling of grief. At this stage, the individuals are usually emotionally prepared to accept the facts. They might get upset, feel fearful or insecured, and so on. This stage is a sign of the individuals to start accepting the truth (Kubler-Ross, 1969). It is the time for the individuals to adjust their feeling to be emotionally prepared for the worst to come. For example, they could be feeling fearful of losing their loved ones. The last stage would be the acceptance. This stage indicates that individuals are well prepared for their condition (Kubler-Ross, 1969). The individuals could stay at this stage for a long period of time. They might be readily prepared for loss of ones life and calmly deal with all the challenges that have in life. Acceptance is a tough stage as the individuals are expected to accept the reality that they are dying or losing someone whom they love. However, not all individuals would experience all the five stages of grief. It depends on how they interpret the problems and how they deal with them (Kubler-Ross, 1969). Some individuals might skip a few stages and go into acceptance while some may stay in a certain stage for some period of time (Kubler-Ross, 1969). Some individuals might even do not reach the stage of acceptance at the moment they are ending their lives or losing someone. It is possible for the parents to experience either all the five stages of grief or some of them when they are about to lose their child or when they have loss their child. It is found that parents could develop the mental distress even though their children have passed away for five years. Some parents could even develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after the death of their children. However, there is gender difference in the duration of parents to bereave over the death of children. Study shows that women would bereave for a longer period of time as compared to men (Murphy, Johnson, Lohan, 2002). These mothers are diagnosed to have mental distress such as anxiety and depression. These mothers reported that they have difficulties in making decision and to remember things (Murphy, Johnson, Lohan, 2002). Mothers are said to score higher scores in PTSD as compared to fathers. Mothers are always those who would have more emotional problems as compared to fathers. This could be due to the fact that females tend to be those who would have higher level of anxiety (Craig, 2005). Another study stated that parents who have experienced loss of child were found to have higher level of depression, weaker psychological health, and higher level of physical health problems as well as having marital problems as compared to those who did not experience the loss of child (Rogers, Floyd, Seltzer, Greenberg, Hong, 2008). The parents might get too upset by the death of their child and some may even blame themselves on the death. They might blame themselves for not giving proper care to the children and cause them to pass away. The parents could keep having this thought in their mind and lead them to develop the symptoms of depression. In terms of physical health, because of the bereavement period that the parents are experiencing, they might just give up on their lives and do not take good care of themselves (Rogers, Floyd, Seltzer, Greenberg, Hong, 2008). They might not take in healthy food and cause them to have poor health. Besides, some parents might blame their par tners for not taking proper care of their child and eventually cause their child to pass away. The worst situation could lead to the divorce of both the parents. The conditions mentioned in the above are the long-term effects on parents with loss of child. Besides those stated in the above, there are a few short-term effects that could take place as well. For example, death of child could affect the job status of the parents (Rogers, Floyd, Seltzer, Greenberg, Hong, 2008). When the parents experience the loss of child, they would not be able to focus on the job that theyre doing. Most of the time, they would eventually make mistakes and lose attention in their work. In addition, the social life of the parents would also get affected during the bereavement period (Rogers, Floyd, Seltzer, Greenberg, Hong, 2008). The parents would try to avoid from the public and do not get involved in any of the social activities. They would try to avoid themselves from participating in the events that could lead them to think of their loss child. In order to help parents to pass through the bereavement period, interventions could be provided to them. According to Rowa-Dewar (2002), interventions could help to reduce the level of depression in mothers. Effective interventions should be developed in order to help parents to reduce their psychological distress level due to the death of their children. As the parents are going through the period of bereavement, a chaplain could be introduced to them in order to provide emotional support to the parents. A chaplain plays a role in providing advises and counseling to individuals who need them (World Fellowship Church, 2003). A chaplain is usually being introduced by churches and hospitals. Sometimes, if the families have their own religious leaders, they could be introduced to the parents at this stage as well. A chaplain serves as a person to provide emotional support to the parents. The parents could spend time to express their feeling to the chaplains as well as to discuss on the problems that they have with them. Besides, support groups could be established for parents who are experiencing the bereavement period. The parents could meet up once in a week to share their feelings with each other. The support group acts as a place for the parents to emotionally help each other rather than calling it a therapy group (YMCA Orange Country, 2012). By attending the support group, the parents are able to obtain emotional support from the other parents, to reduce their depression level, to decrease their feeling of loneliness, to make new friends, to share similar experiences, and also to cope better with the grief process (YMCA Orange Country, 2012). It would be easier for the parents to socialize with each other as they could have the similar experience hence can understand each other better. Most of the time parents do not share their feelings with people who do not have the same experience like them. They often have the thought that others could not understand how upset they are. Murray (1996), whom is a researcher and psychologist from University of Queensland, developed an intervention for parents who have undergone the death of child and to examine the effectiveness of her intervention. Murray (1996) aimed to use the intervention to reduce the mental distress of the parents. Parents who participated in the intervention reported to have reduced in level of depression and decreased in the feeling of separation as well as better satisfaction towards their marital status as compared to those who did not receive any interventions. Murray (2006) mentioned that in the intervention, mothers found to look for emotional support from many other relationships while fathers tend to depend on their marital relationship. This study indicates that effective interventions are suitable to help the parents who have loss child to recover better from the bereavement period. In conclusion, there are five stages in the grief cycle, which include denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Parents who experienced the loss of child could pass through some of these stages. Studies showed that parents could have high level of depression, fearful, and anxiety after the loss of their child. Long-term effects could last for a long period of time. In terms of short term effects, loss of child could affect the parents job performance as well as their social lifestyles. In order to help the parents to overcome the bereavement period, interventions could be provided to them. Counsellors, chaplains, and social support group could help the parents to recover from the grief period. It is important to provide emotional support to the parents as they might be psychologically affected severely due to the incidents experienced by them. Physical health is an issue to be focused on as well. This is because parents could neglect their health after the loss of their child. Hence, parents who experience the loss of child should not feel hesitate to seek help from the professionals.

Andy Warhol :: essays research papers

Pop art is a movement that occurred near the end of the 1950’s. It was a reaction to the seriousness of Abstract Expressionism. Pop art emphasized contemporary social values, the sprawl of urban life, the vulgar, the superficial, and the flashy. Advertising provided a number of starting points for the subjects. A particular favorite advertisement form that Warhol likes to use was product labels. You will see quite a few examples of this in some of his work. (Grolier 1996)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Warhol did most of his well-know works in a four year span from 1960 to 1964. He started out by reproducing images such as comic strips on much larger canvases. Some examples of these would be Nancy, Dick Tracy, Superman, and Popeye. He later became much more interested in reproducing labels of products and some people. This became a standard procedure for Warhol during this period. He later began to make movies and photography. (Coplans pg 47-48)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At the beginning of his work, he started out with the making comic strip â€Å"reproductions.† They really shouldn’t be considered reproductions because they aren’t always an extremely accurate portrayal of the product. Some of his pieces such as the thirty-two painting collection of Campbell’s Soup Cans, are almost identical to the models he used. While others have a looser quality and are merely starting points on which to begin. (Coplans pg 47)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He accomplished the mass amounts of the same subject through many methods. Sometimes he would just paint each of the subjects by hand, one by one. Other times he would use stamp molds and silk-screening. The silk-screening process is very similar to that of an intricate and sophisticated stencil. There is a screen made of fine silk or similar material that is made impermeable to all places except that of the area wanted to be colored. This is done photomechanically, a process that makes photographs into silkscreen. The silk-screening process is fairly simple. You pour ink or paint into the silk-screen, and then you run a squeegee across it so it goes through the open pores of the screen. You repeat this procedure for each of the colors to be used. An advantage to this it that you can used them more than once. To date, silk-screening is the cheapest and most effective means of reproducing many products of it type and quality. (Coplans pg 50) (Crone pg 11)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main focus of serial imagery is redundancy.

Technology vs Organic Essay -- Agricultural Research

Humanity’s timeline illustrates the past, present and future of human beings; commencing nearly 200,000 years ago when Homo sapiens first diverged from its ancestors (Evans,1998). For the next 188,000 years humans were content to forge and live within the constructs of a hunter-gatherer societal organization. Approximately 12,000 years ago agricultural systems began appearing in various places around the world. An astonishingly short period of time later the Agricultural Revolution transformed human ecology, social organization, demography, culture, and religion (Fagan: 2007). Man wholeheartedly embraced the sweeping changes bought on by agriculture and domestication, which definitely proved key to the long run success of agriculture and domestication as a primary method of procuring sustenance. Despite a rapidly changing world, basic and primal human nature and desire remain utterly unchanged. The most fundamental of these challenges is the establishment of an adequate supply of food. The modern food infrastructure employed by contemporary society is rooted in the creation and innovation of food production. Its effective utilization decreases the level of societal labor contribution required and discourages food shortage trepidation amongst individuals. It is hard to fathom given the current status of our society massive agricultural-industrial complex that the hunter-gatherer organization of society dominated for more than 99 percent of our existence (Fagan: 2007). The hunter-gatherer population was characterized by their primary subsistence method, which involved the direct procurement of edible plants and animals from the wild. The primary methods employed were foraging and hunting, which were conducted without any sig... ...y 22.New challenges in food preservation. (2011): 121-126. ScienceDirect. Web. 4 May 2012. Paarlberg, Robert. "The Ethics Of Modern Agriculture." Society 46.1 (2009): 4. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 4 May 2012. Evans, L. T. (1998). Feeding the Ten Billion (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Fagan, Brian M. June 2007 World Prehistory: A Brief Introduction. Chapter 5: The Origins of Food Production. Prentice Hall. University of California: Santa Barbara. Pg 126, 129, 132, 132-133, 133, 133-134, 136-137, 137-138, 138 Pringle, Heather November 1998 Science Neolithic Agriculture: The Slow Birth of Agriculture. Vol. 282. No. 539: Pg. 1446 Porter, J., & Rasmussen, J. (2009). Agriculture and Technology. En B. J. Olsen, S. A. Pedersen, & V. Hendricks, A Companion to the Philosophy of Technology (pà ¡gs. 285-289). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell

A Trek to Nowhere :: Example Personal Narratives

A Trek to Nowhere         Ã‚  Ã‚   The occasional banging of an oar on the edge of a canoe is the only significant noise that accompanies us on our way to the waterfall.   The boys had been fishing by the waterfall and mentioned its existence to us, so we've decided to check it out.   There are twenty-one of us on the Bureau Valley High School Science Club's trip to Boundary Waters, a wilderness camping and canoeing area in northern Minnesota.   A small group of us enjoys exploring the terrain, especially as opposed to the monotony of fishing, and we are now on a waterfall mission.        Ã‚  Ã‚   It is a gentle June morning, still a bit chilly for we Illinoians.   We are subject to erratic periods of sunlight, as the sun discards one garment after another, unsatisfied with her immense cumulus wardrobe.   There are only tattered bits of mist still hanging over the lake; most of it has already noiselessly dissolved.   The breeze cajoles straying wisps of my hair, and as we row steadily toward the waterfall I consider the serenity of the wilderness: the complete peacefulness.   I revel in the absence of snorting mufflers, rambunctious screeching tires, innumerable Super Wal-Marts, and ever-encroaching subdivisions.  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   My appreciation grows as I compare the previous year's vacation to this year's at Boundary Waters.   Not that the Badlands weren't a sight to see -- they were.   But the whole Badlands/Blackhills area was literally infested with tourist-related billboards (all displaying nearly the same overly-enthusiastic tidings) and informational pamphlets (in every public building, including the podiatrist's office).   And no telling which pamphlets were fact and which were part fabrication.   Wall, South Dakota, was a choice example of the tourist-nabbing chaos.   Along the interstate, approximately every five minutes, billboards would proclaim the number of miles remaining before Wall, South Dakota, as if speedometers didn't exist.   Upon arriving in Wall, one's hopes were treacherously dashed.   Wall was a tourist town like any other, only it was larger, and junk was more prolific.   It was a frail excuse after such a dramatic drumroll via the billboar ds, signs, and pamphlets.      Ã‚  Ã‚   A loon's bittersweet call imposes on my reflections, and I realize that we have reached our destination.

Charles Chocolate case Essay

Traelene beals â€Å"9am Friday† First, a formal case analysis – This should be written in a business style format using short paragraphs and sentences, self-explanatory headings, and any figures/tables that would facilitate reading. Reports are to be no longer than 2000 words (excluding appendices Issues to be addressed – No measures of productivity or efficiaency in the plant- no way of telling if the plant was doing a good job. Difficult demand forcasting due to seasonality of sales. 2 new stores had ok type sales. Best clients of Wholesale sales changed focus on cheaper items and also own products. Sales agents could be fired with 90 days notice. Other parts of US haven’t heard of us. Of the 221 wholesale customers purchase just $1000 worth of products. Other 125 purchase between 1000 and 2000 per year. Sales agents, don’t know how to represent the all products. Speculating future orders from wholesale clients to customize boxes and logos-waste of capital. 60% of the total online/phone orders were from existing customers. Online sales haven’t grown – orders processed within 3-4 days. Why ship internationaly(only 5%)—Antartica Really Summer problem at Sandwich heaven – why did staff leave? How to get new staff in this tight labour market. Marketing service – old fashioned — Undefined Target market? Packaging ? (tourists publicatins, seasonal print media and radio spots) How to increase awareness without diluting the brand. Leverage on solid search engine raankings to promote online sales Basic website, reminder service to customers-good/bad? Sales agents dint provide links to top accounts. Companies revenues had grown because of Sandwich heaven(franchising) High reliability on tourism. Corporate gift marketing – 25% discount – market was good – Explore boston ? ice cream sales Increase retail penetration? Acquire a niche chocolate company? What about the tradiotnal brand name? Internal capacity? Relocate factory? Background Charles produced high-quality, hand wrapped chocolates, Portland creams. Best quality, many loyal customers across the world. Huge factory(24000 sq foot)-owned-. Only 75 retail and 35 production employees, 20 in management. Working hours 7am-4pm(each day). – Leverage long shelf life Wholesale production required early planning and online sales required late production†¦ Production planning was completed by data distortions arising from out-of stock and over stock issues. – out of stock-over production – killed the pricing – by discount pricing. Special orders put the whole order on a stand still Retail stores provided 50% of sales. – Wholesale had 30% of sales – Charles is just used as an add on product. Online and phone – online 4% of total sales. –phone is 6% of total sales—60% of all these orders were from regular orders.. Avg sales $138 by phone and $91 from website†¦High growth industry†¦ Sandwich heaven – 10% of sales – Industry High demand for organic/dark chocolate- anti oxidant properties.

My Aquarium

The place I decided to do my paper on is located in the living room of my family's house. It is a one hundred gallon aquarium. The reason I chose this as the topic of my paper is that all kingdoms are present except for Plantae in it and it is its own ecosystem. Before I go in detail about the organisms in the aquarium, I would like to mention the accessories that make this aquarium a stable environment and allow the organisms to grow happily. The temperature needs to mimic natural reefs that are often found in tropical regions. The tank needs to be 78 degrees F. In the summer water is pumped through a chiller that lowers the temperture to exactly what it needs to be and there is also a conventional aquarium heater to raise tempature during colder times. Natural reefs also need lots of sunlight. This is mimicked by two large 250 watt metal halide and 4 (3 foot) vho lights. These high intensity lights produce tremendous increases in the temperture of the tank which is countered by the chiller. Natural seawater has constant currents which are mimicked by three submersible power heads that keep everything moving. Next, is the water. This needs to be ultra pure, free from dissolved solvents. Due to the high temperatures evaporation can cause as much as 2 gallons a day to be replaced. A reverse osmosis water purifier is used to create this ultra pure water. Now that I have explained how the water starts of pure the salinity needs to be constant. 33 parts per thousand is recommended for reef aquariums. Calcium, amino acids, phytoplankton, and iodine are also added to the aquarium on a daily basis. The water is tested on a monthly basis for ph, alkalinity, and about a dozen different chemicals to be sure the water chemistry is correct. Now we will discuss the first part of the reef aquarium, which is the sand and live rock. The sand needs to be live sand, meaning it contains all the necessary bacteria that will be needed in this artificial environment. The same is true for the live rock, which needs different bacteria and is the resting place for all of the corals. These organisms belong to the kingdom Monera Protista and are the first organism to be added to the tank. This aquarium also contains organisms of the kingdom Protista. These are present in the green algae that are seen on the glass of aquariums. Also red algae are seen when observing a marine aquarium. These algae bloom when there is excess nitrogen in the water. The red algae are a sign of a tank that is in bad shape. There are also specimens of brown algae in the tank. These free floating algae are a main source of food for certain fish and crustaceans. The majority of the visible organisms in the tank are in the phylum Cnidaria. These include the many types of mushrooms, polyps, anemones, soft and hard corals. These are what make the reef aquarium look like a reef. These organisms multiply in the tank and need to be fed by the sunlight and also phytoplankton. It is cool to touch these organisms with the net. They all shrivel up and get defensive when disturbed. There are also about 20 snails in the tank belonging to the class Gastropoda. These shells are taken over by hermit crabs which belong to the class Crustacea. Other members of this class include a banded reef shrimp and several emerald crabs. There is a huge clam belonging to the class Bivalvia which has pretty turquoise lips. There is even a feather duster worm that just showed up one day. The higher interverts in the tank include two starfish and also a brittle star. The starfish spend most of their time beneath the sand while the brittle star is very active and visible and will pounce on food shortly after it hits the bottom. Next to the corals the next visible class in the tank would include the class of Osteichthyes. These include tangs, gobies, dottybacks, a pair of clown fish, and several types of damsels. It is amazing to watch all these organisms grow and interact with one another while realizing how exact the conditions need to be to allow them to even survive.

Merits and Demerits of the Internet Essay

The internet is a socially disruptive technology. It has changed the way we do business, communicate with each other, and even how we view the world in the short amount of time that the public has used it. From its beginning as a project of the Department of Defense to connect its computers together, the Internet is now a resource that most people in the developed world cannot live without. I myself have been affected by the internet. I am one of the 1,114,274,426 people who use the internet in its various forms. Whether by emailing my friends, or ordering a book on Amazon.com, I am a part of the â€Å"internet generation†, the generation of people who grew up with the benefits of the Internet. This paper tries to explore how the Internet has touched my life. I will try to look at both the benefits of the Internet and its drawbacks. Looking at my internet use, I see that there are primarily three ways that I use the internet; for convenience, for information and lastly for the cyber community. Convenience This has got to be the reason most everyday people use the internet, it simply makes things easier. From email to word processing, with the internet, previous tasks that are cumbersome and time-consuming are now performed effortlessly at the click of a mouse. You no longer have to write a letter by hand, affix a stamp, and then mail it afterwards waiting for not minutes but entire days just to send a letter to a friend or colleague. In the amount of time that it takes to read this sentence, I could have forwarded a chain letter to dozens if not hundreds of people in my email address book. Communication through the internet has radically changed the way we live. By the sheer simplicity and ease of sending a letter through email, we probably communicate with each other more and with greater intimacy. It has helped me keep in touch with my family members and friends at home. Even simple messages like trivial requests or a short â€Å"how are you? † reach their destination even half a world a way nearly instantaneously when I press the â€Å"send† button on my email program of choice. Aside from communication, another way that the internet has made lives easier is through electronic commerce or simply e-commerce. From this very chair I am sitting on, I buy my bus tickets, send and receive money through e-banking and even watch movies. I don’t have to move myself out of the house (or even out of this chair) to take care of my basic necessities, leaving me with more time to finish more pressing tasks. Truly, this is a way that the Internet has made my life much easier. On the other hand the internet has not only made my life easier, it has also made the lives of shady characters easier too. It has helped spread junk emails, â€Å"spyware† programs, and even computer viruses through its communication lines. My worst experience with this was a virus I got from a spam email. The virus completely ruined my laptop and made me reinstall the operating system. Even as I did this, the virus had already spread to other email addresses stored in my email address book. Another thing I noticed is that the convenience of the Internet has made me more impatient. For someone who got accustomed to email and e-commerce, I find that waiting even for very short amount of times has already become a difficult exercise for me. Being â€Å"spoiled† by the internet, I now want and expect all things to be done at cyber-speed. A much more serious effect of the Internet’s ease of communication is the creation of a new arena of crime – internet crime. I myself have had no experience with Internet crimes but that is something I don’t want to change in the near future. The convenience of the internet has equally empowered me to do my email and shopping and empowered crooks to perform felonies from credit card fraud to piracy and even identity theft. Information The internet has changed both the way we get access to information and the amount of information we can have access to. Enormous amounts of web pages are born everyday, with equally impressive search engines to quickly comb through these web pages to get the information you want. Personally, I use internet portals such as Yahoo! and Naver as they have almost everything I need, news, entertainment, weather information, dictionaries, study materials etc. Another thing about information on the internet is that unlike traditional media outlets such as newspapers, radio and TV, the internet is a duplex communication channel. The flow of information from traditional outlets only goes one-way, the TV reports on it and I view it. The internet on the other hand empowers me to voice out my opinions and get feedback on these opinions right away. However, not all information on the internet is reliable. The ease of creating a website has made information coming from â€Å"average Joes† look indistinguishable from those of learned academics and authorities. Ease of finding information on the internet has made people unwilling to do research the old way, by going to libraries and referencing known authors and peer-reviewed journals or articles. Now, they are just more likely to take as true the first results that Google or Wikipedia gives out. Also, the internet has given seedy people and organizations a free outlet to promote disreputable activities and information. Hate groups, suicidal organizations, and child pornographers have used the internet to further their agenda and reach more potential victims. I found myself in an embarrassing situation once when I accessed pornography on the internet by accident. The thing with the internet’s ease of providing information is that it makes people think less. It makes us dependent on websites and search engines instead of enforcing our research and information validation skills. It lessens creativity and makes us unable to discern which information is true or false, which fact is correct or incorrect, and what is morally good or bad. The Cyber Community The internet has truly made the world a smaller place as it enabled people to meet more individuals from different backgrounds and different parts of the world. It has created a worldwide meeting place where people could seek out people who share their interests and values. I myself am a member of this community by my blog. My blog allows me to connect to other people just as reading other peoples’ blogs give me a connection and insight into their lives. My blog also satisfies my need desire for recognition by giving me my own personal space to decorate and post my own thoughts to be seen by the world at large. Another nice thing about the cyber community is that unlike the real community, the internet gives its users a blanket of anonymity. This anonymity gives its users the freedom to express their own opinions without fear that it will reflect on them badly. Also, it allows users the freedom to talk things and or problems which could be considered socially embarrassing or taboo. On the other hand, anonymity also empowers people by protecting them from responsibility from wrongdoing. Anyone can read my blog and leave scathing and psychologically damaging comments without revealing who they really are. Also, it makes one think less of others as people are reduced to a few lines of text on a webpage or chat room. Unlike the real community, the cyber community is impersonal and has no intimacy. Another side effect of being part of the cyber community is addiction. I may be guilty of this to some degree. I tend to overuse the internet and in the continual habit of opening internet web pages. You could say that like an addict, I cannot live without the internet. Just like substance abuse, I have grown a dependence on the internet and the cyber community it brings. Conclusion In retrospect, the Internet has really changed the way I lived my life. I am exposed to plenty of empowering technologies that generations of people before me could only dream about. The world is smaller because of it and for the most part better because of it. And it is getting better all the time, newer applications that make life better through the internet are still being made at a rapid pace. On the other hand, the internet is a tool which could also be used for foul deeds. Internet users with shady interests have used the internet to cause harm and promote their foul agenda. As members of the cyber community, one needs to be wary of these things as it may leave one vulnerable to anything from damage to your computer to damaging scrutiny or even more serious crimes like identity theft. In retrospect, is the internet worth it? For me, even with its downsides, the internet is still a blessing to be treasured. It really does make my life easier and allows me to do more things that were unthinkable of even just 50 years ago. One just has to be conscious about how he or she uses the internet. As always, even on the internet, common sense should prevail and one should not forsake traditionally held values such as extending courtesy, doing proper research and others even is one is shielded by anonymity in the cyber community of the internet. References Irvine, Marthat. (2004, December 5). Youth Adopt, Drive Technological Advances. Fort Worth Star-Telegram, 31A. Staples, Brent. (2004, May 29). What Adolescents Miss When We Let Them Grow Up In Cyberspace. New York Times, , A24. Leiner, Barry M. , et. al.. (n. d. ). A Brief History of the Internet. In Internet Society. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www. isoc. org/internet/history/brief. shtml. InternetWorldStats. com. (March 19, 2007). Internet Usage Statistics – The Big Picture. In Internet World Stats. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www. internetworldstats. com/stats. htm. Levine, John R. , Baroudi, Carol. , & Young, Margaret Levine. (2000). The Internet for Dummies 7th edition. Foster City CA: IDG Books.

Hoosiers Essay

‘Hoosiers’ was a film released in 1986 and is one of very rare hits in the series of sports films. The film is set in the year 1952 in a small town in Indiana and this was the time when in Indiana each high school has the goal of winning one or the other states championship. It is based on a true story but with strong characterization, a story with its own logic and aspects of motivation and inspirational scenes as well along with characters having specific and distinguished qualities. 1. On his first night in Hickory, Coach Dale was provided with lots of suggestions by the town’s men but he was very sure that all these suggestions were not going to work. He had his goals and decisions firm and assertive and on the very first day of practice, he tells the temporary coach that his days of coaching were over and also dismisses Buddy. 2. Jimmy Chipwood is considered as the star player with experience and the team members too needed him but Coach Dale tried to ignore him initially and focused on the whole team because he believed that the team that plays collectively preventing selfish play, only has a chance to succeed. But he unintentionally convinces Jimmy to play and it seemed he persuaded him to play for him alone, which encourages the team and they finally win the state championship. 3. At the first prep rally, Coach Dale exhibits the authoritative style of leadership and dismisses a player because he doesn’t follow his instructions word by word. He believes that games when played on fundamentals could win and the most important thing was discipline. 4. During the first game, Coach Dale felt that his team was not able to make a shoot and he decided to make a speech in half time and tried to calm down his players as also give them hints so that they play accordingly after half time. He also makes Ray stay out of the game. 5.â€Å"Shooter† in the movie, ‘Hoosiers’ has the real passion for the game, basketball and of course knows about the game very well. The only thing lacking in him is self-esteem because he had missed an important shot during his playing days and is also the victim of ostracism. Treating these kind of people in the way Coach Dale does is very important because the real thing is how important one is for the purpose i.e., the basketball game here. Promoting the Shooter reveals that personal drawback can be overcome by the knowledge. 6. During sectionals, Coach Dale keeps himself cool and firm and applies the authoritative style of leadership because the team still believed that they could not do without Jimmy. Coach Dale wanted each and every player to perform their best and remember the fundamentals of the game. 7. Coach Dale tries to moderate the pressure of the game of the State Championship among the players but he himself is under pressure because winning this championship meant a lot for him. The pressure is because he was put out of this game for more than a  decade and that guilt stayed in his mind and had made his soul cover with a thick skin of wisdom. The reminder of this incident every now and then makes Coach Dale cynical and of course his arrogance can also be related to the same thing. At the back of the mind he is nervous and wants his players to not to face any such kind of situation, which would make them have regrets throughout their lives. This is what is made clear by Ronald Heffeitz when his work depicts that leading with an open heart needs a lot of courage and writes that it is first and foremost important for ones own identity and spirit. And this Coach dale does during the state championship game and encourages each player to perform his best.

Business Ethics, Governance and Social Responsibility Assignment

Business Ethics, Governance and Social Responsibility - Assignment Example There has been a drastic change in the corporate environment over the years, and owing to the increasing technological development, people across the globe are not only more connected to one another but also have become aware of the negative consequences of irresponsible corporate governance on the part of giant multinational organizations. As a result, firms today are increasingly under pressure to perform not only financially, but also ethically as well. The managers and leaders are of organizations are now increasingly expected to address a range of social and environmental causes and problems including climate change, poverty, and even HIV/ AIDS. It is due to this changing facet of corporate governance and the increasing popularity of concepts such as Corporate Social Responsibility, Business Ethics and Ethical leadership, that the organizations are now required to be increasingly responsible and transparent in their approach in order to maintain their credibility, brand image an d public trust in the industry, or risk facing wide scale public backlash and pay millions of dollars in fines and compensations. Business ethics refers to "the study of business situations, activities, and decisions where issues of right and wrong are addressed" (Crane & Matten, 2010, p. 5). This definition is used in this study to discuss the ethical stance of the Royal Dutch Shell Plc., and the various key issues surrounding the company. With regard to organizations, the concept of ethics refers to the transparency in its corporate activities, accurate reporting of accounting and financial statements, and honest disclosure of its health and safety policies as well as the likely impact of its activities on the community and the environment at large. Business ethics and ethical reporting of business activities by companies has assumed increased significance over the years. Hence it has become imperative for organizations involved in business such as Oil &

Ethics and the News Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics and the News - Essay Example Nowadays, according to Rosenblatt (2012), â€Å"All of your Facebook activity and data will be available to the advertisers who use the network.† This clearly means a breach of privacy and thus, not only can advertisers use a user’s personal data but this data may be used maliciously by certain people or organizations who either sell illegal products and who can deliberately cause violence or harm towards a particular user or any random user. Indeed, if this is the case then it must be dangerous to even post anything on Facebook since the company might not be able to exactly trace where the information goes and who sees it. Moreover, there is indeed danger if one freely exposes private information over Facebook for some individuals might use this information for their own malicious motives, not to mention that anyone on Facebook or on any other social networking site might be able to gain access to it by mistake, and may either make fun of such information or â€Å"sim ply know† it without the knowledge and permission of the user. ... s practice of providing advertising companies with data from its users and shows this to be a rather natural tendency: â€Å"Facebook should not be criticized for the fact that it offers†¦new social plugins† because â€Å"the company carefully manages the data-sharing process, and it has made serious efforts to tell users exactly what is going and what they can do about it† (Eldon, 2010). In fact, based on the report, these privacy issues are without any basis and that these issues are in fact â€Å"creating new risks not just for Facebook users, but for the company and its ecosystem of developers and marketers† (Eldon, 2010). The privacy issues might also call the attention of the United States Federal Trade Commission as they might â€Å"impose stiff new regulation on what product changes that Facebook can make going forward, thereby limiting its ability to improve its products† (Eldon, 2010). In short, the report that favors Facebook and tries to e xonerate it from the accusations hurled against it concerning privacy issues somehow has three points: first, it is trying to say that such sharing is inevitable since Facebook is a new and developing company; second, it wants to tell the readers that Facebook is in fact doing its best to regulate the flow of data during any process that shares this data; and thirdly, the privacy issues raised by Facebook users in fact is the one that endangers the sense of freedom and privacy that Facebook affords its users. The reason is that such issues might call the attention of the government and thus monitor Facebook operations more closely. The third point actually discourages people from further hurling accusations against Facebook. According to James Rachels, â€Å"[Although] it is possible for people to act altruistically†¦a person

Croft Court Hotel London - Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Croft Court Hotel London - Analysis - Assignment Example The rooms are fully air conditioned, with modern en-suite bathrooms, televisions, safe, refrigerator, and direct-dial telephones. The rooms are also equipped with hair-dryer, Wi-fi access, and voice mail. Within a short walk from the hotel are a fully equipped gym and swimming pool, to which the hotel provides complimentary discount vouchers for its guests. Croft Court also provides reduced rates for taxi fares from all airports. The hotel itself boasts of a spacious lobby that has a 24-hour tea/coffee making facility. Its room rates begin at ?85.00 (GBP) upwards, and is already inclusive of a Kedassia continental breakfast, served between 8 am and 10 am. It also has a spacious function hall and garden which are ideal settings for weddings and anniversaries, as well as Bar/Bat Mitzvahs, Sheva Brachot and Britt, and similar occasions for a large number of guests. Goals and key objectives of the organization The hotel has two principal objectives: to provide quality lodgings and servic e to its target customers, and to realize profits for its shareholders. Other objectives include the provision of gainful employment for its staff, profitable business for its suppliers, and to contribute to the development of the immediate community. Environmental factors which affect the company The industry is one that is affected by both internal and external environmental factors. Factors pertaining to the internal environment are discussed under Porter’s five forces model. Factors external to the industry include those under the PEST model – political, economic, social and technological. In the hospitality industry as a whole, probably the factor with the strongest influence is the political factor, due to spate of terrorist attacks that have dampened public interest for tourism. Second would be economic, because during an economic recession such as that pervading in Europe and the United States, people who fear the loss of their jobs or erosion of their wealth w ill tend to forego the less urgent or luxurious activities, such as travel for pleasure. Porter’s 5 Forces Model Internal rivalry – Internal rivalry is high. In the immediate vicinity where Croft Court is located in Golders Green, there are several other lodgings and inns where a traveller may stay over. These include the Eagle Lodge, the Regal Guest House, Zanzibar House, Chesterfield Court and Gloucester Court, among others. Croft Court Hotel is ranked by Trip Advisor as 83rd from the top out of London’s B&B Inns. Bargaining power of suppliers – The bargaining power of suppliers is neither high nor low. There are a number of providers of kosher supplies to the many Jewish establishments in the vicinity; they are specialty suppliers and therefore may not easily be replaced, however, there are nevertheless other suppliers which may be sourced since the strong demand in the area has prompted several kosher suppliers to enter the market to meet the demand. Bargaining power of buyers – The bargaining power of buyers is also neither high nor low, discounting the seasonality of Jewish festivities that may create peaks and troughs in the hotel’s take up rate. If buyers feel the price of the Croft Court is a little high, they may find

Schooling and Educational Opportunities for Females in the UK - Essay

Schooling and Educational Opportunities for Females in the UK - Changes - Essay Example This comparison paper looks at the present state of post-16 educational opportunities for females (Archer et al, 2007) in contrast with those available to them in the 1950 and 1960s in the Post World War II era (Evans, 1991). It is evident that much has flowed under the bridge and the past has contributed to the present in a very effective manner. While the Archer article adopts a more clinical research based stance, the merit of the Evans piece is that it is personal and engaging as well. Only at certain points, she guides us as to the points she wants to make. In their paper entitled ‘Class, gender, heterosexuality and schooling: paradoxes within working-class girls' engagement with education and post-16 aspirations’ as published in the British Journal of Sociology of Education of March 2007, the authors discuss ways in which inner-city and ethnically diverse working-class girls' constructions of hetero-femininities mediate and shape their engagement or disengagement w ith education and schooling. This study was based on data collected from 89 urban working-class youth in London. The authors mainly touched upon three main ways through which these young women used heterosexual femininities to construct capital and generate identity value and worth- these were (1) through investment in appearance using glamorous hetero-femininities, (2) through heterosexual relationships with boyfriends, and (3) through the ‘ladette’ phenomena. They maintain that young women's investments in particular forms of heterosexual working-class femininity can affect very deeply their engagement or disengagement from schooling and education. They focus on the paradoxes that arise when these constructions interact with other oppressive power structures. Class, Gender, Heterosexuality and Schooling Paradoxes- A Detailed Analysis Archer et al. (2007) start off by commenting on the lower academic scores that boys typically achieve compared to girls in the GCSE and other competitive examinations and seek to determine the reasons for this. This underachievement is a cause of concern for many countries- from the UK to New Zealand. However, as Epstein and others have noted, it is not as simple as this because a more detailed look indicates that not all boys are doing badly and indeed, not all girls are doing well. There are complexities of social class, gender and ethnicity that underlie these results which must be addressed. Amazingly, Kenway (2003, page ix) found that girls leaving school early had more problems than boys in securing employment.

Re-circulating Aquaculture Biofloc Systems in Deserts Research Paper

Re-circulating Aquaculture Biofloc Systems in Deserts - Research Paper Example The waste discharge as well as the use of chemicals or antibiotics to fight diseases is minimal. It is known that for at least 30 years, it has been under development. Unlike other methods which clean water from fish tank, there has been incorporation of aquaponics to some RAS fish farms (Lee and Richard, 18). Since biofloc systems are designed to improve environmental control over production in areas where there is water scarcity, such as desert in this case, or where land is expensive, more intensive aquaculture forms are required to be practiced for production that is cost effective. Economic incentive is considered to be strong for aquaculture business to be efficient in terms of production inputs, particularly limiting water or land. Biofloc systems were as well designed to prevent disease from being introduced into the system from the incoming water. Basing on the above, it can be affirmed that this system well fits the project that is to be staged in a desert where there is scarcity of water among other limiting factors. Shrimp farming, marine shrimp production in ponds, tanks and impoundments origin can be traced to South Asia. In this case, farmers were seen to raise wild shrimp incidental crops in tidal fishponds (Mungkung, 4). The birth of shrimp farming was in 1930s the time Motosaku Fujinaga ,a Tokyo University graduate became successful in Kuruma shrimp spawning(Penaeus japonicas) (Mungkung, 8).The larvae were cultured by him in the laboratory whereby in so doing this, he was successful in mass-production of these shrimp on a commercial scale. He then shared his research findings for at least 40 years and his work was published in 1942, 1941, 9167 and 1935.Emperor Hirohito had to honor him in 1954 with the title Inland â€Å"Japonicus Farming Father† (Mungkung, 4). Hatcherymen and fishermen started to supply large quantities of seed stock in the mid 1970s,

Gamification Primer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gamification Primer - Essay Example amification is applied in business is to improve the competitiveness of a given business over other competitors and increase the market share, hence profitability. It is a shift from the games modeling the real world to the real world emulating games. Understanding game mechanics is significant as it enables the understanding of the real forces that affect business behavior and trends across the globe (Burke 35). Common players in games include both corporate and individuals that do it for different reasons, although the aim is to gain in different ways. Despite the benefits that are associated with the different games, challenges and risks emerge as well. For instance, an organization could apply a different game that could result in great losses and its exit from the industry if other competitors play similar games at the same time. To this end, gamification utilizes technological innovation and research and development to increase the benefits. Barclays Bank is a multinational banking group that began its operations in the United Kingdom and expanded to other countries across the globe. The organization deals with provision of investment and personal banking among other services. The bank has positioned itself as a dominant financial institution in the industry given its good financial performance. However, maintenance of the dominance is not an easy task for the bank it had to undertake different strategies (Burke 67). Gamification is one of the strategies that Barclays bank undertook. Under this strategy, the bank has the objective of generating value for all the customers it serves in its services and products. Barclays Bank is involved in intense marketing strategies some of which include integrated marketing. This is manifested in several ways such as the promotions and adverts in the broadcast media. Corporate social responsibility activities such as the support of the English Premier league is another example of mar keting strategies. The competencies

Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 8

Contract Law - Essay Example Moreover, section 29(5) of the SGA states that delivery should be made within a reasonable period of time, and that such reasonableness depends on the circumstances of each case. As such, a clear illustration of the principles on which damages are awarded for breach of contract was provided in Hadley v Baxendale. The court held that damages for breach of contract should be such that they had naturally followed from the breach, or which could reasonably be assumed to have been envisaged by the parties to the contract. If the contract had been formed under special circumstances that had been intimated by one party to the other, then the damages for contractual breach would be what these parties could have realistically expected from such breach3. As such, the rule in Hadley v Baxendale provides a rationale for restricting damages relating to infringement of contractual terms. In addition to being a tenet of remoteness, it also provides the dividing line of recovery4. Consequently, the NGC’s expression of inability to supply the ornamental plant pots to Gerda, within the time specified by her in the normal course of events. . Thus, the NGC is justified in demanding additional payment for speedy delivery. However, if the NGC fails to deliver the ornamental pots, within the stipulated time; Gerda can repudiate the contract or claim damages, under the provisions of the SGA 1979. The greenhouse delivered to Hari was too small, broken and not delivered on time. Under the provisions of the sale of goods act, a retailer cannot exclude statutory implied terms. Any such act would make him liable for criminal prosecution. In addition, a retailer cannot attempt to restrict liability for breach of statutory implied terms. In goods sold to a buyer, an implied term exists, which requires that these goods should be appropriate for any purpose that has been made known to the seller.5 Applicability extends to

WestJet Airlines Ltd. WestJet and Air Canada Term Paper

WestJet Airlines Ltd. WestJet and Air Canada - Term Paper Example It also has a loyalty card and rewards program (WestJet, n.d.). Key Features and Benefits The company renders flight security services with also helping the people book flights, hotels and car rentals from airports online. In terms of special benefits the company renders special privileges for persons relating to special categories and also pertaining to the maternity category (WestJet, n.d.). WestJet in competition to Air Canada has introduced ‘premium economy’ seats to help the consumers enjoy an extra leg space that would be made available in the first four rows of the airlines. Though the booking of the ‘premium economy’ seats would tend to charge more from the consumers yet a comparison drawn reflects that the charge is half than charged by other premium airlines in the course of rendering boarding and on-flight amenities to its passengers. This premium seating model of the company helps WestJet to continue with its low cost position (Hasselt, 2012). We stJet’s Product Life Cycle The Product Life Cycle curve for a company has four stages like Introductory, Growth, Maturity and Decline. WestJet reflects a growth in terms of market revenues and passenger traffic along the periods ranging from 2007 to 2011 from $2127 to $3072 million and from 14,545 to 21,186 million respectively. Thus WestJet falls in the Growth stage (WestJet, 2011, p.6). Products Rendered by WestJet and Consumer Needs WestJet renders online booking of flight, hotel and other hospitality services for both business and corporate passengers along with vacationers. Along with insurance and security benefits the company also renders an extensive reward program catered to meet the needs of loyal consumers (WestJet, 2011, p.10-14). Passengers through the above services can book their flights and hotels associated with the airline company in an online fashion that helps in making their tour more comfortable. Insurance and security benefits help the passengers retrie ve their expenses related to their vacation and tours in cases of any emergency. Further the loyalty scheme of the airlines company helps the consumers avail special discounts and promotions rendered by WestJet during special occasions. WestJet’s Offerings vs. Its Competitors West Jet’s service offerings in comparison to other flight servicing companies operating in the Canadian landscape like Air Canada and American Airlines gain dominance in being able to provide the best quality of service at highly affordable or economic rates. Moreover the company operating on the basis of hub and spoke model reflects higher interconnectivity than its competitors (Grant, et al., n.d.). When, How and by Whom are the services of WestJet Procured Flight touring services and amenities rendered by WestJet are procured by people in times of deciding on vacations and also while planning to take short business tours. Services and amenities rendered by WestJet relating to booking of flight s, hotels, car rental services along with travel insurance benefits can be availed by the consumers through the help of online portals. The consumer or passenger traffic in WestJet consists thus of passengers that are frequent vacationers or are tending to visit places relating to their business and professional needs (WestJet, 2010, p.9; Lamb, 2011, p.571). Market Segments of WestJet WestJet mainly focuses on being a low-cost carrier rendering services to economy class passengers. Moreover the airlines company also caters to the needs of consumer segments through the transportation of cargo commodities on board (Aylen, 2012, p.250). Consumer or market segmentation of WestJet can be made in terms of Leisure Class Passengers that tend to avail flights for tour or vacation

Pregnancy and Birth Control Essay Example for Free

Pregnancy and Birth Control Essay Birth Control is the Best Way to Fight with Teenage Pregnancy Teen pregnancy is frequently discussed all over the country and the efforts have not reduced the numbers, as teens continue to have unsafe sex which eventually leads to pregnancy. These developments led different experts to consider the issue of abstinence, abortion, and general sex education in order to reduce the rates of pregnancy among teens. The average teen will be curious about sex when he or she starts puberty and begins to be aware of his or her body. There are different strategies for dealing with teenage pregnancy such as sex education, abstinence, or abortion but the most effective strategy involves the careful use of birth controls. There are lots of factors that lead to teenage pregnancy. The first factor arises from a lack of parental guidance. Most parents evade their children when it comes time to talk about sex. In some cases, they provide false information regarding sex and discourage their children to participate in any informative discussion about sex. However, in other cases, teenagers are not well educated about sex before they get pregnant. This then leads to lack of communication between parents and their children. A second cause of teenage pregnancy is due to the adolescent’s sex behavior. In this case, peer pressure is a major factor that encourages teenagers to engage in sexual activities. Early dating is also another behavior that can cause unwanted pregnancy in teenagers. â€Å"According to research, 29% of teens were pressurized to have sex, 33% of teens were sexually active and that they felt things moving fast sexually (What are the Causes of teenage Pregnancy? 2009).† A third cause of teenage pregnancy is not having enough knowledge about safe sex. Most adolescents are unaware about safe sex. They have little or no information about how to prevent pregnancy. The main reason behind that is that they are too embarrassed or shy to seek information about it. â€Å"Research found that there are more than 80% of teenage pregnancies are unplanned (What are the Causes of teenage Pregnancy? 2009).† A fourth cause of teenage pregnancy is due to social economic factors. In this case, teenagers who belong to poor families are more likely to become pregnant because they do not usually get enough education about sex and birth control. Another cause of teenage pregnancy is contraceptive failure. This is a very common cause of teenage pregnancies today. There are many brands and types of contraceptives and birth control pills that are available in the market, but they are not guaranteed for  complete safety. Sometimes, not knowing how to use a contraceptive properly can lead to unwanted teenage pregnancy. There are also many side effects from contraception including physical changes in the body which can sometimes result in miscarriage or newborn defects; â€Å"emotional trauma of handling a child at such an early age, changes in life styles, and also termination of pregnancy affects the general health (Admin).† So, one should think about all this before he or she gets involved in sex. In addition, there are many ways to help prevent teenage pregnancy. The advice for parents and other groups that directly work with teens is to educate them on the dangers of sex before marriage and that abstinence is the best way to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. Abstinence is now a trend in the states and different studies have been conducted to evaluate the usefulness and results of abstaining from sex before marriage. A University of Pennsylvania sociologist, John Jemmott, explained the result of the different abstinence sessions conducted on the teen pregnancy issues. â€Å"In a sample this size, the difference between the comprehensive class and the abstinence class – Thirty-three percent vs. Forty-one percent – was not statistically significant†, said Jemmott, so it is accurate to say they perform comparably. The issue of abstinence is being challenged by some groups who say that abstinence only makes teenagers less aware of safe sex if they find themselves in such situations, and that the rate of teenage pregnancy is not high enough to make abstinence the major direction discussed in sex education (Flam, 2010). Bill Albert, the chief program officer of the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy says even adults who know better about pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases still have sex before marriage, Studies shows that only eight percent of adults wait until marriage (Flam, 2010). Abortion is another major factor in the increasing rate of teenage pregnancy. Abortion can be described as the elimination of a zygote before it develops to its full stage. Teens have changed their attitude towards sex because of the availability of abortion and this has led to an increase of more teens becoming pregnant. According to Collison, the teenagers, who were abstaining from premarital sex before the introduction of abortion, are now engaging in it because they know that if they happen to get pregnant, there is a way to get out of such a situation. Some other experts argue that abortion is a positive factor that  has to be put in place if teenage pregnancies are to be reduced, because most of these teens do not have the financial or moral standard to take care of their babies in the normal way (Collison, 2001). â€Å"From 1995 to 1997, the abortion rate decreased 3.9 percent among females younger than 15 years of age (from 2.8 to 2.7 per 1,000), 10.1 percent among females 15 to 17 years of age (from 18.2 to 16.3 per 1,000), and 5.4 percent among females 18 to 19 years of age (from 39.6 to 37.5 per 1,000) (Teenage pregnancy, birth, and abortion. (2002) (Fact 52)† Furthermore, the bad name given to abortion has made it almost impossible for teens to get rid of unwanted pregnancies which could ruin their lives. Research has shown that some teens who cannot abort unwanted pregnancies decide to kill the baby after birth, which is infanticide. An example of this kind of situation is the story of two college students, Amy and Brian who drove from New Jersey to Delaware and rented a motel room. There, Amy gave birth to a baby boy. Brian, it was reported, beat the baby to death, stuffed him in a plastic bag, and threw him in a trash container. (Collison, 2001). Birth control has its negative and positive effects, but one thing is for sure, it is a very effective way of preventing pregnancy. For the first time in fourteen years teen pregnancy rose in the year 2007 (Stacey, 2009). Researchers are discovering that there are certain patterns in teen’s behaviors that are connected to a higher and more consistent birth control use. A study in 2007 published in the journal â€Å"Demography†, Contraceptive Use Patterns across Teen’s Sexual relationships: The Role of Relationships, Pa rtners, and sexual histories provides information on teen birth control usage. According to the study many teens use birth control inconsistently (Manlove, Ryan, Franzetta, 2007). In fact, four out of ten teens do not use contraceptives properly. Teens that have used birth control in the past are shown to be more likely to use it in the future. This proves that teens may learn from their past relationship experiences. However, teens in romantic relationships are more likely to use birth control for the first time, but fail to use it anytime after that. Approximately 67 percent of teens 12 to 19 years of age feel that if they were to offer advice to leaders in Washington regarding teen pregnancy, they would suggest greater emphasis on both encouraging teens not to have sexual relations and on birth control or protection (Teenage pregnancy, birth, and abortion, 2002 (Fact 71). Forty percent of women who  use birth control experience side effects for the first three months. After the first three months, side effects seem to diminish (Theresa, 2001). Mild negative side effects of the pill include: irregular menstrual bleeding, missed periods, spotting between periods, nausea, weight gain or weight loss, headaches, dizziness, breast tenderness, mood changes, and an increase in vaginal infections. The more serious negative effects of the pill include: blood clots, stroke, heart attack, worsening of migraine headaches, gall bladder disease, increase in blood pressure, and a rare liver tumor. Any person who smokes, is older than thirty-five, has diabetes, high blood pressure, heart or vascular disease, high cholesterol and triglyceride abnormalities is at a much higher risk for the birth control side effects. Even though there may seem to be negative side effects, not all are harmful. Many women in fact are put on the pill to help with cycle problems rather than to prevent pregnancy (Theresa, 2001). Positive side effects of the pill include: lighter menstruation, reduction of cramps, improvement of acne, protection against non-cancerous breast growth, reduction in anemia and ovarian cysts, decreased risk of uterine cancer, decreased risk of infection of the fallopian tubes, decreased risk of ectopic pregnancy and less incidence of rheumatoid arthritis. The bad side effects of the pill are very rare. Using birth control pills is a reliable way to prevent teen pregnancy, and has a success rate of 99.9%. When a young teen weighs the pros and cons of birth control, most see the pros out weighing the cons. Abstinence is the only way to be completely sure to not get pregnant and to be 100% safe, however birth control is the next best method. Teen pregnancy is a very hot topic that concerns many people and organizations, who are trying to slow the epidemic. There are many reasons why teen pregnancy needs to be reduced in America. Many pregnancies are not planned which lead to a number of problems for the mother and family members. 88% of teens 12 to 19 years of age think the number of teenage pregnancies in the United States is a serious problem (Teenage pregnancy, birth, and abortion (2002) (Fact 67). The United States has almost double the amount of teen pregnancies that Canada has. This is reflected by the many programs and ways that U.S. organizations are trying to lower teen pregnancy rates. One of the most popular programs that are used to reduce teen pregnancy is sex education in schools. According to Finger, sex  education is the best way to reduce teen pregnancy. Sex education needs to be taught to every child starting at a young age by trained professionals in school (Finger, 2002). In a study done in a low income rural neighborhood, children from five to eighteen years of age were put through sex education classes over a three year period. After three years, pregnancies in teens fell from sixty out of every 1,000 kids to twenty-five out of every 1,000 kids (Finger, 2002). This is a good sign that sex education can help lower teen pregnancy by more than half. Most students are taught at an average age of sixteen and a half. This is too late; at that point many kids have already experimented sexually and have formed their own opinions about sex. From kindergarten to twelfth grade kids only spend forty-six hours in health classes which is where sex education is taught (Roleff). One of the largest issues is training professionals to teach sex education. â€Å"Training teachers is a key element of successful sex education programs, and the lack of good training has been a big problem† says Dr. Waszak (Finger, 2002). Sex education is the best way to prevent teen pregnancy and with these few adjustments it can be very effective. On the other side are people that say teens will have sex no matter what they are told and do not want to waste the time and money. This point is validated in a study which is done every twelve years. In 1980, federal and state governments spent $350 million in sex education. In 1992, that number has risen to 645 million dollars (Kasun, 2000). No numbers were available from 2004, but were estimated to have grown in cost. That is a lot of tax money being spent on such a controversial topic. A large problem is there is no time in school for sex education. With Math and English classes taking importance over most subjects in a college and career based school system there is no room for sex education. The last problem is where to get professionals to teach sex education classes. This will cost tax payers even more money to hire a professional or to train a current teacher. The most important thing is to just educate kids about sex and teen pregnancy. Sex education, abstinence, and abortion are the ways to lower teen pregnancy rates. There are different strategies for dealing with teenage pregnancy such as sex education, abstinence, and abortion, but the most effective strategy involves the careful use of birth controls. Some of these are very expensive ventures, but teenage pregnancies have cost our society billions of dollars in the  last thirty years. Divorce, single parent families, teen suicide, sexually transmitted diseases, juvenile crime, child abuse, and abortion, have all at least doubled from thirty years ago (Collison, 2001). Knowledge is power and the awareness that different options are available gives power to teens to make the right decisions. Bibliography: Collison, Joseph. (2001). The Legalization of abortion had influenced teen attitudes toward sex. Flam, Faye. (2010, February 22). Study offers nuanced view of abstinence education. Finger, James. (2002). Teenage pregnancy is a serious problem [Vol I]. (Adobe Digital Edition Version). Kasun, Jacqueline. (2000). Sex education promotes teen pregnancy. Manlove, Jennifer; Suzanne, Ryan; Kerry, Franzetta. (2007). Contraceptive use patterns across teens’ sexual relationships: the role of relationship, partners, and sexual histories. [pp. 603-621]. (Adobe Digital Edition Version), Doi: Demography 44. Roleff, Mark. (n.d.). Sex education can prevent teenage pregnancy. Stacey, Dawn. (2009). â€Å"Teen birth control- Teen pregnancy prevention and contraception decision –making†. 2 â€Å"Teenage pregnancy, birth control and abortion.†(Fact Sheet). (2002), SIECUS Report 30.0. 39+ Academic One File. 22. Theresa, H. (2001). Love to know pregnancy [pp 34-36]. (Adobe Digit al Edication Version). â€Å"What are the causes of teenage pregnancy?† (2009, March 12).