Mexican Drug War Essay

Mexican Drug War Introduction The Mexican Drug War is perhaps the deadliest and most devastating battle this country has encountered in it’s history. Its’ violence affects both civilians and its’ very culture. Since 2006, the border of Mexico has been a place of hostility, turmoil, and outright warfare which has transitioned throughout the countryside. Unlike traditional military solutions, Mexico and the United States must work together to quell the hostility by creating economic opportunities for those in Mexico, stop the flow of drugs into the US, and stop the feed of guns into Mexico. Background The Mexican Drug War is based in Mexico, although the United States can be blamed for making a large contribution to it. Mexican organizations that deal in illegal activities started during the US prohibition of alcohol in the 1920s. It seems that when there is a demand for an item in the US and no supply, Mexico has always been there to supplement our â€Å"needs†. A Mexican Cartel is a criminal organization developed with the main purpose of promoting and controlling drug trafficking operations both interstate and intrastate. They range from loosely managed business agreements among various drug traffickers to formal commercial enterprises. The main Mexican Cartels consist of the Sinaloa, Gulf, La Familia, Tijuana, Beltran, and Juarez cartels. These cartels cover the majority of the territory in Mexico. There are two main cartels that control most of the market, the Sinaloa Cartel and the Gulf Cartel. The Sinaloa Cartel is led by a man nicknamed â€Å"El Chapo†. He was in jail in 2001 but escaped allegedly in a laundry basket. He is the most wanted man in the world with a bounty of eighty-seven million dollars. No one has drawn so much law enforcement attention since Al Capone. He and the Sinaloa Cartel are so successful that he has his own Forbes profile, he is estimated to be worth one billion dollars, making him the 1140th richest man in the world and the 55th most powerful. There are also allegations that the Sinaloa Cartels teamed up with the the Mexican government to take out other cartels. The Gulf Cartel is reknowned for hiring a private mercenary army of corrupt elite military soldiers to work for them in 2001. The Sinaloa and Gulf Cartels worked together as partners up until February 2010, when their partnership dissolved. The dissolution  was so involved and violent that it turned some border towns into ghost towns. (Mexico’s Drug Wars). Most recreational drugs are outlawed in the United States and the main ones Mexico supplies are marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamines, and heroin. Marijuana has accounted for 858,408 arrests in 2009 in the US. It can have a lasting effect on young people with effects such as â€Å"structural and functional deficits of the brain†. Cocaine is a very dangerous drug, due to its power to get people hooked very quickly. The effects are scabs on mucus membrane, damage to the nasal septum, and eventually make your nose collapse. Heroin is a very addictive drug, in fact, one fourth of the people who try it, become addicts. The effects are infection of the heart lining and the valves, liver disease, lung disease, hepatitis and HIV/AIDS from needle use. Methamphetamine is a highly addictive drug that can cause loss of weight, teeth, the development of scabs and open sores on the face. It can also cause psycotic behaviors, such as paranoia, hallucinations, and delusions. ( Above the Influe nce) Defining the Problem In the city Juarez, a border city next to El Paso, violence has escalated to a point that people are actually moving their businesses to El Paso for safety precautions. The Mexican National death toll for the month of January 2013 was issued and it had 1104 related to the Mexican Drug War, that is an average of 34.45 deaths per day during that month. Juarez is the best example of how the Mexican drug war can ruin a town. The deaths in Mexico from the drug war amount to about 60,000 since 2006; 67 reporters, 3,500 officers, and over 1000 children. It has displaced over 1.6 million people, many of whom were forced to leave their possessions behind. The violence is astounding and is the main problem in this war. ( Mexico’s Drug War Violence and the Role the United States Plays) and (An Uneasy CoExistence: Security and Migration Along the El Paso-Ciudad Juarez Border) Causes There may be corruption in the Mexican government, and there is no way to be sure. They have denied everything, but claims say otherwise. If this is true, there has to be a new power in the Mexican government. Certain allegations say that the government has been turning a blind eye towards the  activities of the cartels or have taken bribes. When the cartels are allowed to run free, lives are lost. (Key issues on Obama’s Mexico trip: Trade, immigration, and drug war) The demand for drugs seems to be ingrained in the American culture. There are movies that portray the taking of drugs as a very cool, and natural thing to do, when really it can destroy lives. As long as we accept drugs as the thing to do, we will keep relying on the drugs that come from Mexico. Positions/Perspectives People all see the Mexican drug war with different views, and many want to approach it different ways. The world leaders are the people with the most influential views. United States President Barack Obama has said that the US will try to prevent demand for drugs and stop the illegal sale of guns but legalizing drugs is not our best choice. â€Å" I personally, and my administration’s position is, that legalization is not the answer†. (Key issues on Obama’s Mexico trip: Trade, immigration, and drug war) Pena Nieto, the current president of Mexico, has said that creating more economic opportunities for the citizens of Mexico will turn out to be Mexico’s greatest solution. Countrymen and others have to go to the drug cartels to make money and pay the bills, but when there are more choices for people, they don’t give the drug cartels life.( Key issues on Obama’s Mexico trip: Trade, immigration, and drug war) Another top Mexican official has said â€Å" Economically, there is no argument or solution other than legalization, at least of marijuana.† . He said that it would move nearly all production of marijuana to California. He also said â€Å" Mexico’s objective should be to make the US self sufficient in marijuana.† Also three former Latin American presidents have said that governments should very seriously consider the legalization of marijuana. (Saving Mexico) Solutions Overview of the US and Mexico working together efficiently means the US doing its part in stopping illegal gun sales and trying to douse the demand for drugs by its citizens while Mexico must attempt to stop the violence, and create more economic opportunities for people. Analysis of Solutions The US needs to regulate its gun laws. The Mexican authorities have seized 70,000 weapons of US origin from 2007 to 2011. When there are no guns, there  are no fire fights in the streets of Mexico. The guns going to Mexico are just gasoline on the fire. ( Mexico’s Drug War Violence and the Role the United States Plays) The countrymen of Mexico are subjected to producing for the cartels, and have no where else to go, but with more jobs and choices they are able to avoid this dirty work and go do anything else. (Mexico’s Drug War and the Role the United States Plays) If you can clear the drug cartel out of one town, you save that town. There may be other towns that need to be saved, but if you can make a difference in that one town, the difference will mean the world to them. Locally Mexico needs to try and fix a town at a time. Legalization of marijuana could be the best option, but according to the president, that cannot happen, off the table, not possible. The most efficient and effective solution is that Mexico and America work together by stopping the guns coming coming in and increasing the job diversity in Mexico. Conclusion

The Effect of Levels of Processing on the Retention of Words

The Effect of Levels of Processing on the Retention of Words AbstractThis experimental study investigates how the retention of words depends on the levels those words were processed of among Vilnius lyceum youth. The hypothesis made was that the best retention should be after semantic processing of a word, the least - after structural and the medium - after phonemic. In the first part of the experiment, 20 participants were asked 30 questions about 30 words (10 in each of the analysis groups: structural, phonemic, and semantic). In the second part, participants were asked to recall as many words (out of those 30) as they could. The results proved the hypothesis as the best retention (4.0 words recalled out of 10) was in fact a result of the semantic, or the deepest, analysis of a word. In case of phonemic analysis, 2.4 words out of 10 were recalled and in the case of structural - only 1.3 out of 10. These results are coherent with the previous study named "Depth of Processing and the Retention of Words in Episodic Memory", which was carried ou t by Fergus I. M. Craik and Endel Tulving.Z-tabelleIntroductionThe experiment I have chosen to replicate, named "Depth of Processing and the Retention of Words in Episodic Memory", was carried out by Fergus I. M. Craik and Endel Tulving in 1975. The aim of this experiment was to check the theory proposed by Craik and Lockhart in 1972, which stated that memory traits depend proportionally on the "depth" of processing, where depth refers to a greater degrees of semantic involvement.The experiment carried out by Craik and Tulving included 20 subjects, tested individually, who were sit in the front of the tachistoscope and each trial shown a different noun . Before the word was exposed, the subject was asked a question related to the word. Question was constructed...

buy custom Research Methodology essay

buy custom Research Methodology essay What is a time series study and a panel study? Make sure you fully explain what the two are as concepts and fully explain the similarities and differences. Time series study is a study which involves measurements that is done periodically. The population being studied is divided into groups which are studied over a defined period. During this period therapeutic and preventive interventions are done with measurement of variables and factors. While, panel study is a research which is done using a constant set of a population and the researcher compares the individual opinion at different time as opposed to series study which is divided into groups. If I interview people on the phone over a month and call a different 100 people each day to learn which political parties will likely win the next election, is this an example of cross-sectional or longitudinal research? Explain which type it is and why. If it is longitudinal, explain which type of longitudinal study it is. This type of study is cross sectional studies/analysis which a subsection of the population is interviewed every day for a period of one month. It is not longitudinal research because longitudinal research involves study of the same group several times within a given period. While this research each time the 100 people are called they are different from who were called the previous day. What is the positivist approach to social science? Explain how the positivist approach differs from other approaches and indicate which approach you feel is best, making sure to explain why you feel it is the best. Positivist approach to social science is a philosophical approach system or theory which is based on the view of natural sciences and social. The main assumptions of positivism which makes it much different with other approaches are; the fact that sciences involve research of general laws on empirical phenomena. Explain the difference between a deductive approach and an inductive approach to research? Give an example of each process and explain why this is important for the process of social research. Deductive approach in research involves reasoning of a research on basis of working on the research of more general to the more specific areas. It is also known as top-down approach. While Inductive approach in research is the reveres of Deductive approach which the research starts with specific observations to broader perspective also know as bottom-up approach. Both approaches could be used in different scenarios deductive approach would be used in an area which the study is meant to prove or confirm some hypothesis while inductive approach is open ended and is used for areas which require establishment of regularities and patterns with an aim of formulating some hypotheses. For example a research can be done for a discovery of a disease which would be used to research on the causes of the disease such a research would be aimed at a top down approach also known as deductive approach. While research of what would be consequences of heavy rain within a given period it starts with the specific observations to a broader perspective this is Inductive approach. Why is spuriousness a problem for researchers? Explain what the concept is and why this is a threat to research. Spuriousness is an experimental technique which is used to predict direct causal relationships between two variables and it is commonly used in statistics. Spuriousness is a problem to researchers because they are techniques which support use of predictions of relationships instead of using evident facts from research. If I hypothesize that age as well as social class influences a persons choice to vote for a social democratic or communist candidate in an election, which is/are the dependent and which is/are the independent variables? Explain why it is that the one(s) you chose is/are the dependent and independent variables. The social democratic and communist candidates are the independent variables as they do not change while the age of the voters is dependent as it keeps on changing on the candidates favored by one of the age group as opposed to the other. For each of the following, indicate the level of measurement and why you believe it to be at that level of measurement. Explaining the reasoning important. How full a fuel tank is, as reported in percentages? The level of measurement to be used is ratio measurements which will be achieved by getting the ration of the fuel in the tank in relation to the capacity of the tank. To get the ratio of the what the tank has as compared to how many liters feels in the tank. How many liters of fuel are currently in a fuel tank? The current number of liters in the fuel tank would be measured using ratio measurements in relation to the fuel being used as it will provide the fuel remaining in the tank. The number of hours a person sleeps per day. The appropriate measurements is ratio measurement in relation to the number of hours which he is awake in within the 24hours of a day. How many grams a full bottle of water weighs. The level of measurement would use ration measurement which would determine the number of grams in the bottle by depend on the volume of the bottle and the density of the water. How much a person agrees (on a scale of 1 agree completely to 5 disagree completely) that the government should increase spending on prisons. Interval measurement would be applicable to determine the probability depending on the variance analysis of the services offered in the prison. Which racial group a person belongs to, based upon her/his response to an interviewer. Nominal measurements would be used to determine the racial group which they belong to among the different racial groupings. The percentage of time a person spends reading e-mails in a workday at the office. Ratio measurement would be used to compare how many hours he is at the workplace in relation to the hours thhe worker worked. Which political party a person claims that she/he will vote for in the next election. Nominal measurements should be used on the candidates of the political parties as the answer will be dependent on political party candidate whom is influencing the voter. The grade you will receive for this course (as measured in A, A-, B+). Ordinal measurement would be used to grade the course in relation to the scores earned as compared to what would be achieved in each course unit. How much a person agrees (on a scale of 1 agree completely to 5 disagree completely) that the president is doing a good job. Interval measurement would be used to get the level on how people would make their decision based on the variance analysis. What is the ecological fallacy? Explain why this causes or can cause a problem from the perspective of the researcher. Make sure you give an example to show that you understand the concept fully. The ecological fallacy is a situation which a researcher makes influence/influences of an individual based on a data of a group. This causes a problem with the perspective of the researcher in relation to a group date as opposed to an individual data. Hence, the data obtained will not be accurate. The researcher base their final analysis on the results they get from a group of which they have researched on. What is the importance in having a random sample in research? Explain why this is important, giving an example to show that you fully understand the importance of the issue. Random sampling in research provides a fair distribution of the population which will be interviewed. This kind of application is applicable to a large population which all of it could not be used due to its large number of the population. Hence, random sampling enables the researcher to have fair presentation of the population. Random sampling is of great importance as it enable the research to break down the population being researched in to manageable sizes. It also ensure that the research being done is well distributed within the population being researched. Do you feel that it is more important to have a reliable or a valid measure? Explain your position, making it clear that you understand the differences between the concepts of reliability and validity. Give examples, to illustrate you understand the difference. Yes it is important to have a valid and reliable measure to obtain an accurate population which will be subjected to research. Once the data is measured using the correct tool it will be valid and reliable for an accurate. Use of valid measure ensures that the data obtained from the research will be analyzed accurately to obtain the information which is accurate. The analyst will get data which is accurate because it has been obtained using the appropriate means of measurement. The data obtained is also valid in relation to the research being used this also improves on the quality of the decisions made after the research. Buy custom Research Methodology essay

Napoleons Egyptian Campaign

Napoleons Egyptian Campaign In 1798 the French Revolutionary War in Europe reached a temporary pause, with the forces of revolutionary France and their enemies at peace. Only Britain remained at war. The French were still looking to secure their position, wished to knock out Britain out. However, despite Napoleon Bonaparte, the hero of Italy, being assigned a command to prepare for an invasion of Britain, it was clear to all that such an adventure would never succeed: Britain’s Royal Navy was too strong to allow for a workable beachhead. Napoleon’s Dream Napoleon had long harbored dreams of fighting in the Middle East and Asia, and he formulated a plan to strike back by attacking Egypt. A conquest here would secure the French hold on the Eastern Mediterranean, and to Napoleon’s mind open up a route to attack Britain in India. The Directory, the five-man body which ruled France, where equally keen to see Napoleon try his luck in Egypt because it would keep him away from usurping them, and give his troops something to do outside France. There was also the small chance he’d repeat the miracles of Italy. Consequently, Napoleon, a fleet and an army sailed from Toulon in May; he had over 250 transports and 13 ‘ships of the line’. After capturing Malta while on the way, 40,000 French landed in Egypt on July 1st. They captured Alexandria and marched on Cairo. Egypt was notionally part of the Ottoman Empire, but it was under the practical control of the Mameluke military. Napoleon’s force had more than just troops. He had brought with him an army of civilian scientists who were to create the Institute of Egypt in Cairo, to both learn from the east, and begin to ‘civilize’ it. For some historians, the science of Egyptology began seriously with the invasion. Napoleon claimed he was there to defend Islam and Egyptian interests, but he wasn’t believed and rebellions began.​ Battles in the East Egypt might not be controlled by the British, but the Mameluke rulers were no happier to see Napoleon. An Egyptian army marched to meet the French, clashing at the Battle of the Pyramids on July 21st. A struggle of military eras, it was a clear victory for Napoleon, and Cairo was occupied. A new government was installed by Napoleon, ending ‘feudalism’, serfdom, and importing French structures. However, Napoleon could not command at sea, and on August 1st the Battle of the Nile was fought. British naval commander Nelson had been sent to stop Napoleon landing and had missed him while resupplying, but finally found the French fleet and took the chance to attack while it was docked in Aboukir Bay to take on supplies, gaining further surprise by attacking in the evening, on into night, and early in the morning: only two ships of the line escaped (they were later sunk), and Napoleon’s supply line had ceased to exist. At the Nile Nelson destroyed eleven ships of the line, which amounted to a sixth of those in the French navy, including some very new and large craft. It would take years to replace them and this was the pivotal battle of the campaign. Napoleon’s position suddenly weakened, the rebels he had encouraged turned against him. Acerra and Meyer have argued this was the defining battle of the Napoleonic Wars, which hadn’t yet begun. Napoleon couldn’t even take his army back to France and, with enemy forces forming up, Napoleon marched into Syria with a small army. The aim was to prise the Ottoman Empire apart from their alliance with Britain. After taking Jaffa – where three thousand prisoners were executed - he besieged Acre, but this held out, despite the defeat of a relief army sent by the Ottomans. Plague ravaged the French and Napoleon was forced back to Egypt. He nearly suffered a setback when Ottoman forces using British and Russian ships landed 20,000 people at Aboukir, but he moved quickly to attack before the cavalry, artillery, and elites had been landed and routed them. Napoleon Leaves Napoleon now took a decision which has damned him in the eyes of many critics: realising the political situation in France was ripe for change, both for him and against him, and believing only he could save the situation, save his position, and take command of the whole country, Napoleon left – some might prefer abandoned – his army and returned to France in a ship which had to evade the British. He was soon to seize power in a coup d’etat. Post-Napoleon: French Defeat General Kleber was left to manage the French army, and he signed the Convention of El Arish with the Ottomans. This should have allowed him to pull the French army back to France, but the British refused, so Kleber attacked and retook Cairo. He was assassinated a few weeks later. The British now decided to send troops, and a force under Abercromby landed at Aboukir. The British and French fought soon after at Alexandria, and while Abercromby was killed the French were beaten, forced away from Cairo, and into surrender. Another invading British force was being organized in India to attack through the Red Sea. The British now allowed the French force to return to France and prisoners held by Britain were returned after a deal in 1802. Napoleon’s oriental dreams were over.

Debate on vaccination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Debate on vaccination - Essay Example For instance, the vaccination against smallpox used cowpox, which was a poxvirus resembling smallpox to defend against it but did not cause any major illness. Vaccinations are done during the formative years of a person’s life even though this does not hinder an adult to go for vaccination. Children die of diseases each year since they are susceptible to infections due to their fragile immune systems. They are weak because they are young, and their bodies have not built immunities to these diseases. Therefore, the best way to protect children from such diseases is through vaccination (Sprigg 32). Several parents believe that vaccines are not safe for their children. However, it is more painful when a young life is taken by the infection of a killer disease because the child was not vaccinated. Ailments kill children each year. Children are more susceptible to infection due to their feeble immune systems. They are weak because they have not yet stayed alive enough to develop mechanisms for fighting infections. â€Å"†¦Unlike remedial treatment, vaccination provides a lifetime of protection from deadly diseases†¦and ensure healthier children, families and communities.† (Seth). Although vaccinating children can help prevent certain diseases, there are still many parent that are refusing to vaccinate their children. Vaccines against disease such as polio and MMR should be mandatory for all children who wish to attend school. These vaccinations can control the spread of deadly diseases, help protect children that are not able to get vaccinated and can save family time and money. However, many parents and guardians have failed or refused to take their children for vaccination due to a number of ideologies that have been propagated about vaccination over time. Some of the ideologies have been brought about by fears while others by misconceptions about the process of immunization

International Business Finance Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Business Finance - Case Study Example There is transfer of technology between the subsidiaries and the parent firm in the joint venture and the industrial output of the joint venture. Therefore the following can be noted from the joint venture under the strategic option 1. In this multinational capital budgeting there are various factors as well as assumptions that were taken into consideration to determine the expected returns from the joint venture from the parent’s firm perspective. First and foremost the exchange rates fluctuations were taken into account especially when converting the subsidiary earnings into the parent firm’s reporting currency. Given that is challenging to precisely estimate the rates of exchange rates, the determination of the expected returns in pounds were established using the spot exchange rate of  £0.8410/â‚ ¬. Besides, the cost of inflation was taken into account which was charged on the cost of operations to incorporate the depreciation rates and the interest rates on loans based in Germany borrowing rates. Even though the prediction of costs or price completely takes into account the inflation, the rates of inflation rates at tikes can be volatile from one year to another for some states (Madura, 201 1; p. 49). Hence the cost of inflation from the Germany perspective was taken to be 2.5%. Lastly, the financial arrangements were put into account. These include the costs of finance which is captured by the rate of discount and the taxation rate. Nonetheless, when the foreign based projects are partly financed using the subsidiaries in the foreign nations, a more precise strategy is applied to distinguish the investment in the subsidiary and openly take into account the loan repayment of the foreign loans as cash outflows. Moreover, the returns from the Germany were not taxed due to the double taxation treaty that exists between Germany and United Kingdom. The following calculations can be noted under strategic option One; the

Organisational Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organisational Communication - Essay Example Therefore during the time of participation there is a need of information flow from both the sides. However the process of communication can be in the form of interacting, talking and writing as well. The present world of business is more saturated and also the companies have global presence. Such endeavors make communication even more multifaceted. Communicating across borders requires sound communication abilities that would allow people from different areas to cooperate with each other. The communication process can be divided into 5 dimensions. The five dimensions are described below:- International or Unintentional. Verbal or Nonverbal. Internal or external. Communication which involves Humans or Machines. Communication among individuals or groups. In the context of the project, only internal and external communication within the organization will be portrayed. Internal communication refers to the way of communication that takes place within the organization. The communication b etween the employees of an organization is denoted as internal communication. It is also important to achieve organizational objectives (â€Å"Internal communications†). ... The communications are:- The internal communication Employees: - The Company mainly uses E-mail and fax to communicate within the employees. The employees have their customized programs installed on their computers, so as to receive and send E-mails. Fax is also another medium which is being highly used in the company. Management: - In order to communicate with the top management of the organization pagers are mainly used. However customized E-mail programs are also used. Also the company in order to conduct vital meetings the company uses video conferencing. The external communication In this context the communication takes place among the company and its end customers, distributors and suppliers. The company in its external communication strategy uses various techniques, but remains transparent about the offerings. In order to portray the offerings the company used the promotions from the company is mainly TV advertisements and other trade and consumer schemes. Customers: - In orde r to directly communicate with the customers the company sends direct E-mail from the customer information database. Distributors and Suppliers of Coca Cola: - In this respect the company makes use of fax and video conferencing techniques. Now in the case of Pepsi, the internal and external communication also plays an important role towards the success of the company. In respect with its internal communication, the company mainly uses E-mail and also uses verbal communication. In order to communicate with the internal employees the company mainly uses meetings to communicate information within the team members. The external communication method of Pepsi is almost similar to that of Coca cola. Pepsi also uses TV advertisements