Gender Roles Seen in Toys

Gender Roles and Toys By Shawna Robb English 101 Professor Solomon One path has pretty pink wallpaper with a princess border the other is blue with monster trucks on one-wall and sports pictures on a nonher. It is not hard to tell which room is pistillate and which room is male. Male and female argon used in this instance to define grammatical sex activitys. Gender, un interchangeable sex, is a universal guideline upon which individuals be placed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behavior, and activities that a particular society considers appropriate for men and women.When the pressure of gender stereotypes is open to debate some say there argon prenatal influences that are gender based. What is obvious is that gender acquires a signifi screwt role when it comes to the dallys people select for their fryren and the way that tinker companies market them. Toys-R-Us is a United States based toy company who has been taken to task for marketing designs that reflec t or promote gender specific toys.It is wrong that toy stores, like Toys-R-Us, clearly divides the toys by gender in stores and in toy advertisements because it teaches children how they are sibylline to be in order to be accepted by society, promotes aggressive behavior for males and a passive attitude for females. Stereotypical boy toys are things like natural process figures and toy cars. These are both active and aggressive, which is masculine representing how men are supposed to be in society. Girls toys are often dolls, dress up, and toys that mimic household duties. That is stereotypical because its saying girls are passive, not active.It is setting standards that girls drop dead in the home for their future while boys get doctor kits or chemistry sets that give them higher goals. Introducing children to these gender role ideas this early is shaping them for the balance of their lives. The worlds leading fast food franchise has an interest in the gender of its young custo mers. At McDonalds a very popular childs meal is the happy meal. When a Happy Meal is ordered the worker always asks if the child is a boy or a girl. This lets the worker know what type of toy to put in with the meal.The McDonalds worker could ask if the customer wants a hot wheels or a mini Barbie but rather they learn the gender of the customer and stereotypically provide the toy. Toy stores separate their store by toys for girls and toys for boys. The girl isle has stereotypical girl colors like pink, purple, and yellow. each of these colors are light when the boys section has colors like red, blues, black, brown and green. All of the boys colors are darker and less pretty. Just from that quick look down the isle one cigaret notice which is for girls versus boys. The dark colors are less southing and action oriented.The girl colors, are lighter making them much more calm and subdued. This same pattern can be seen in advertisements on video recording. Female enjoin commercia ls are light colors, with softer music usually having lyrics that explain the toy and giving passive examples for what can be done with the toy. Boys commercials however spend a penny the message that they are going to go out and do something active with the toy. The music for masculine toys is generally uplifting and motivating, which makes a boy excited to play with the toy. Commercials cannot be avoided and they reach almost all boys and girls on a day-to-day basis.One interesting area in looking at the influences of toys and gender is the denote of toys relative to levels of aggression. The television airwaves are filled with toy advertising. Is there a relationship between this advertising and levels of violence, does this relationship show a gender diagonal? For example a parent might wonder if the purchase of boy oriented toys for their child might increase the childs risk for fair impetuous. The parent might also wonder if merely watching the advertisements themselves i ncrease childrens risk for becoming violent.In 2001 Kilinger, Hamilton and Cantrell offered the observation that the use of commercials to sell childrens toy products could have a socialization impact on children similar to that of television programming. Banduras Social Learning Theory says, human behavior is transmitted, whether purposely or inadvertently, largely through exposure to social models(Bandura 1). When a child thinks that a behavior entrust be punished versus rewarded but instead is not even acknowledged they will perceive it as a reward. Children usually continue rewarded behavior to receive more praise.Television is seen as a tops(p) tutor to Bandura, the child will model what they see on television, not knowing if it is good or bad. For those children whose parents are not good role models, the television becomes the behavioral role model. If violence and aggression is viewed on the television, it is more likely that children will engage in violent and aggressive behavior. While television can model appropriate behavior, there is a well-documented tendency for violence and aggression. Advertisements are difficult to avoid since they are interwoven in shows and they tend to emphasize violent and aggressive behavior (Kilinger 13).In the study by Kilinger, Hamilton and Cantrell they observed childrens perceptions of aggressive content, stereotypic sex-role behavior, and appropriateness of television toy commercials(Kilinger, 11). The results of the study support the conception that there is a gender bias in terms of aggressive content and consequently aggression potential. The results did show that toys and the advertisements for them aimed toward boys were more aggressive than that of the toys that are gender neutral or aimed toward girls. The commercials shown were clearly sex role stereotyped.This is consistent with other research that has supported the idea that boys are more socialized toward aggression. Boys may be more desensitized to a ggression as a result of gender stereotyped toy commercials as well as their toy selections in the past. Again, this is a debate for concern since commercials are unavoidable while watching television. While the promotion of aggression is certainly an adequate reason to exercise great care when it comes to toy and gender, it is not the only reason. Parents do support gender bias toys from the time the child is born.More often than not, a boy will receive toys that are focused towards boys and girls will receive stereotypical girl toys. The children do not go out and buy this themselves their parents will pick out their toys until the child is already taught what they should like. Parents will find out they are having a boy or a girl then base everything around that detail, like the room color example, children and baby clothes are also gender biased as well as their toys. When the girl is playing with girl toys she will be rewarded for the right interests, as would a boy playing wi th a boy toy.They will then continue this behavior to get their parents approval. If a father sees their son playing with a Barbie doll or asking to be a princess, their father might send them saying those are girl things urging them to play with a male biased toy. One thing Social Learning Theory has assumed is that keep and punishment is the means by which parents socialize children. The study named Parental Socialization of Young Childrens Play, done by Eisenberg, Wolchik, Hernandez and Pasternack, observed the parents involvement with enforcing gender stereotypes.This study found that parents do reward their children for same-sex toy play. It is not only the toy companies that enforce gender roles in toys the people ski tow the child are also responsible for teaching stereotypical thinking. The idea that cross-sexed interests are wrong does come from society and children start learning this from the time they are born. (Eisenberg, Wolchik, Hernandez and Pasternack 1506). A th irteen-year-old Swedish boy, Hannes Psajd, spoke out about the gender focused toys in Toys-R-Us. Hannes said that the 2008 Toys-R-Us Christmas Catalog showed boys playing with different toys than girls do.The boy said that he and his sister always play with the same toys and there is nothing wrong with that. Psajd said that it sends the wrong message to girls, since they are playing with only passive toys. Hannes utter boys want to be princesses sometimes(Landes 1), demonstrating that this store does not only discriminate against girls. When the claim was looked into by a regulatory committee they stated that, Toys-R-Us discriminates based on gender and counteracts positive social behavior, lifestyles, and attitudes(1).This shows that children do recognize this problem if it is brought to their attention. The problem of toys defining gender roles does not completely restrest with Toys-R-Us but is a societal problem. Society has created the gender roles we now have and these roles a re often strict. While it will take time to make fundamental changes in gender bias a starting point could be the creation of more gender-neutral toys. These toys would have to find their way into homes and that could be a function of the advertising that is currently part of the problem.Parents need to be educated to nurture more flexible gender roles and allow children to explore their interests, even if this interest violates stereotypical norms. Boys and girls should have catch opportunity to play with a doll or a monster truck. Children are taught gender roles from the time they are born, toys are one way that this is taught to them. In a toy store like Toys-R-Us, it is clear to see which isle is for boys and which one is for girls. The colors and stereotypical gender bias toys show the clear parting in the store between feminine versus masculine toys.Television advertisements depict females as being passive while they promote aggressive behavior for males, this can lead to b oys acting violently in the future. Parents sometimes scold children who play with cross-sex toys, which will teach the child not to repeat this behavior. Gender roles teach a child what they are supposed to be, feminine or masculine, and toys to play a part in enforcing these gender stereotypes. Works Cited Bandura, Albert. Psychological Modeling Conflicting Theories. clams Aldine Atherton, 1971. Print. Eisenberg, Nancy, Walchik, Sharlene A. Hernandez, Robert, Pasternack, Jeannette F. Parental Socialization of Young Childrens Play A Short-Term Longitudinal Study. Child Development 56. 6 (1985) 1506-13. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. Klinger, Lori J. , James A. Hamilton, Cantrell, Peggy J. Childrens Perceptions of Aggressive and Gender-Specific Content in Toy Commercials. Social Behavior and Personality 29. 1 (2001) 11-20. PsycINFO. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. Landes, David. ToysRUs Scolded for Gender Discrimination. The Local Swedens News in English. 6 October 2009. Print.